Cloning :: essays research papers

The History of CloningThe theory of being able-bodied to make a genetic copy (a clone) of another animal has been around for quite a while. In this section as the title reads I will show the history of re-create.400 million years B. C.- Plants have been cloning themselves since not to long (as far as the Earth is c at oncerned) after their penetration to our planet. They send out runners that create an identical copy of the parent plant. 1938- Hans Spermann, of Germany, envisions what he calls the "fantastical taste". He suggests taking the nucleus from a stall in the late-stage embryo and transplanting that nucleus into an egg.1952- Scientists Robert Briggs and T.J. King use a pipette to suck the nucleus from the cell of an advanced frog embryo, they wherefore add it to a frog egg. The egg didnt develop.1970- John Gurdon tries the same experiment with the same procedure. The eggs developed into tadpoles but died after they were ready to let feeding. He later showed that transplanted nuclei revert to an embryonic state.1973- Ian Wilmut just finishes his doctorate at Cambridge University when he produces the first calf born from a frozen embryo. oxen only give birth to five to ten calves in a lifetime. By taking frozen embryos produced by cows that provide the outdo meat or milk then transferring that to surrogate mother it allows oxen farmers increase the quality of their herd.Mid to late 1970s- Scientists cut down small forests publishing research papers arguing the ethics of cloning and if it can be done. While they do this other researches around the world are very investigating if it can be done. 1981- Karl Illmensee and Peter Hoppe fib that they clone convening mice and embryo cells. It is later found to be a fraud.1982- James McGrath and Davor Solter report that they can not repeat the mouse cloning experiment. They conclude that once mouse embryos reach the two cell stage they cannot be employ for cloning. Others confirm their resu lts.1993- Embryologists at George Washington University cloned serviceman embryos they took cell groups from 17 human embryos (defective ones that an infertility clinic was going to discard), all two to eight cells in size. They titillated apart cells , grew each one in a lab hit and a few got to 32 cells- a size when they can be planted into a surrogate mother, although they werent.