Historic Preservation Districts Essays -- American History, Policies

historical preservation districts.Introduction, Historic preservation is a planning device that has been around since the twentieth century, the term came about in 1966. This policy was established to protect U.S. physical history, this history being geographic locations, and buildings that are of small or great importance to its city or region. firearm historic preservation takes place at the local, state, and theme levels, the putative goal in all cases is the preservation of properties with historical and/or aesthetic appeal that would other than be neglected or even demolished (Coulson, 2004). The policy came from a good place, meaningfully wonting to preserve our history by deeming geographic locations and building to be historic, however the policy in some ways lost its luster not sticking to it true roots. A concise history of U.S Preservation Policy.Historic preservation as a U.S policy began in the 1966 when Congress authorized the Department of War to maintain national landmarks(Hamer, 2000). According to Benson (1998), After the Civil War, the national parks system was established and made the Departments of War and Interior jointly administered all National Sites (Benson 1998). Though a series of Federal legislative actions such as the 1935 Historic Sites Act, the 1949 National Trust for historic Preservation Act, where created to promote the cause nationwide. The 1966 National Historic Preservation Act, set the stage for comprehensive programs in the 1970s. There was a national response to historic preservation as a result of the Tax Reform Act of 1976, which forced Americans to look at their social and economic priorities. Historic preservation defined.Historic preservation policy can be defined acc... ...ves, and goals to make them more compatible with modern urban planning and real estate development. Conclusion and my thoughts.Historic districts have evolved from the preserving a single house at a time, to the preserving of districts and neighborhoods. This practice eventually led up to the comprehensive application of the discipline. Historic Preservation came from a special place, a place that helps us to remember our history. As I did my research I could not help but notice that the multiplication of historic districts since 1966 has caused this discipline to lose its grass roots advocacy. In the years following 1966 the concept moved from an outstanding, and non-typical mentation towards the idea that it should showcase the representative and the typical. Moreover, the idea of historic preservation still works but not in the original intended way.

Our Need to Idolize :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Our Need to IdolizeIn a sm every(prenominal) way, I think were all monarchists at heart--as long as we pick the monarchy and can change it at whim. Its when we lose control that we start to panic.The recent death of John F. Kennedy, Jr. started me persuasion about who the Associated Press and A&E have called an American prince. Why does this need to have someone to idolize exist? Where does it come from? Most of us, if we hint back far enough in our family trees, came from countries ruled by a king and queen. For centuries, those dreams of the glamorous royalty lingered in our collective unconscious. Little girls often grew up dreaming about being a princess. Prince William, especially after Princess Dianas death, has become a common pin-up in middle school lockers everywhere, right on base the Backstreet Boys and N-Sync. Surely capitalism and dreams of wealth and status are only a part of the equation. Perhaps instead its slightly masochistic we all want to be ruled in some way. W e want to be told what to do it makes life easier. This desire to remain passive conflicts with what we also crave--freedom. At least for us Americans, we cannot exactly yield the power our ancestors fought for. Without kings and queens, we have instead found other people to idolize and, without being explicit, they tell us what to do. Instead of the threat of incarceration or death, if we refuse to follow these mandates, were simply unpopular--a fate, according to some teens, worse than or equal to death. Millions of women adopted the Rachel haircut because Jennifer Aniston had it. A desire to be like mike led to a sports marketing craze for a while, I could not find a single neighborhood pickup game without someone in a Jordan jersey. Is this that radically different than Peter the Great coming back from France and commanding the men to shave their beards? Well, our adherence to celebrity suggestions is, as we Americans like it, for the most part voluntary. But the fact that we volunteer to follow someone else is significant. If theres one thing Americans can relate to, its personal stories of their celebrities. National Enquirer is not an invention of todays society, provided a continuation of Walter Winchell and Hollywood Confidential. John F. Kennedys assassination was one of the first to be broadcast on television--remember Jack Ruby shot lee Harvey Oswald on live television--and combined the immediacy of life with visual cues.

The Mind and Body Connection in Psychology :: essays research papers

When we think of the point and the body psychologist and historians have provided theories that correlate these ii ideas and their functions that make us humans. Without the mind our body cannot fulfill its purposes and without the body our mind is left useless. These two branches influence each other and can cause opposite chains of reaction to erupt in our mental world mind and our physical world body. There are relationships between what we experience, (such as thoughts and feelings) and what our biologic processes are (such as activity in the nervous system), (Morris, 2005). The link between the mind-body is that they are not separate entities, rather they are intricately connected, interacting with each other to function properly. The louvre basic issues that psychologist have associated the mind-body with are biological psych (dealing with the nervous system and its function), sensation/perception, consciousness, motivation/emotion, and clinical psych (dealing with disord ers/therapy).These five issues are an uprising principle that relates how the mind-body interacts. In biological psychology we discuss the scientific study of mental processes and behavior, coinciding with the performance of some cognitive activity. In sensation and perception, ?sensation refers to the process of sensing our environment through touch, taste, sight, sound, and smell. This schooling is sent to our brains in raw form where perception comes into play. Perception is the way we interpret these sensations and therefore make sense of everything around us.? In terms of consciousness we associate that with the state of being awake and aware of what?s going on around you. This is also a quality of the mind which attributes to our attentiveness. When dealing with motivation and emotion, psychologist has defined motivation as the initiation, direction, intensity and persistence of behavior, which has a temporal and dynamic state non-related to one?s personality or behavior. Emotion is what is described as ?an intense mental state that arises autonomically in the nervous system rather than through conscious effort.? It can evoke a negative or positive response which will correlate in the way we behave. Clinical psychology deals with researching and treating psychological distress, dysfunction or disorder. Psychologists who are focus in this field treat more severe disorders, such as phobias, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. (Rishel, 2000)The nervous system is our ?bodys information gatherer, storage center and control system.? It collects information about the external conditions in relation to the bodys internal state, to analyze this information, and to initiate appropriate responses to satisfy certain needs (Maintain Homeostasis).

The Big Day :: Personal Narrative Writing

The Big Day Heekin quit fucking staring at the clouds you might be playing this weekend, screamed Coach Bernardi. All week I waited, sweating every night just wondering if Saturday would be the day I would start my eldest college football game. Every night I thought what I would do if I was to start, was I ready for this? I would be a little chihuahua amongst a pack of wolves on the field. But all week I had trained to the point that all the sweat in my shirt could sustain been rung unwrap to make a full cup of water. My Saturday morning started just as every other football players did 1000a.m wake up, then a suddenly walk over to the dome for walkthroughs. Then to The Place for my usual breakfast the hungry man special three eggs, two pieces of bacon, two patties of sausage, a character of hash browns that was the size of my hand stretched discover, and my choice of three pancakes or French toast. After that huge meal I couldnt resist just button back to the dorms and finding a great resting place in my bed. For some reason every person in the damn dorms insisted in walking into my mode and waking me up so I was not the most cheerful person when the alarm clock went off three hours later. Trevor get you ass out of bed your late for team meal, said Bobby. No I cant be I set my alarm for 2p.m. Yea but you suck up hit the snooze button five times so that means its about 220 right now and meal started five legal proceeding ago. That was a great way to get this all started walking late into team meal I could just imagine what the coaches were going to say to me when I got there. As I walk in to the dining hall I find Coach Bernardi sitting in a chair. Damn Heekin where the hell have you been I thought you were going to be a no show Were you afraid that you might have to play today?

The Great Gatsby Essay -- English Literature Essays

Texts can be valued and appreciated for numerous reasons, and this is particularly apparent in F. Scott Fitzgeralds novel, The Great Gatsby. The novel is a big part of 20th century literature and is valued for the themes and ideas which Fitzgerald presents, such as the sizeableness of dreams in peoples lives, the myth that is the American Dream, Fitzgeralds perspective of 1920s life, and the style in which he portrays his ideas. It is also valued simply as a love story as an entertaining narrative.In The Great Gatsby, dreams and their importance play a major part in the plot and underlying themes. It is seen that Gatsby himself presents this idea the most this is because Gatsby is different to all the otherwise characters in the novel as he actually has a dream to improve himself which he hopes will eventually get on back Daisys love. An extraordinary gift for hope, a amorous readiness such as I have never found in any other personThe reader learns that Gatsby has had dreams and ambitions his entire life, while his parents had none Gatsby was not fond of this characteristic found in his parents. His goals and aspirations made him who he was and he realised that he was different to his parents in this way. He left his home, his begin and father at a young age and was described as a son of God. Gatsby disconnected himself from his parents and created his own identity as God created people.Gatsbys dream is symbolised by the green light on the end of Daisys dock, across the river from his house, and represents his desire for Daisy. Nick (narrator the story) admires this quality in Gatsby and excuses all his faults because of his hopes and dreams. In the end, Gatsby dies in pursuit of his dreams and Nick says, No Gatsby turned out alright at the end it was what prayed on Gatsby, what foul dust floated in the wake of his dreams.Nick, unlike the other characters, doesnt have any goals or aspirations. He doesnt have high expectations, and is comfortable with the way he lives his life. However, the other characters, Jordan, Daisy, Tom and Myrtle, are not happy with what they already have, and only have goals that are short-term, and are often self-centered and concerned with money.The people attending Gatsbys parties also appear to be materialistic and without ambitions. They go through life without directions or dre... ...urning to him. The light at the end of her dock reassures him that she is till close to him, and his house lights represent his attempt to pass her. His lights are only turned off after their first kiss, when he is comfortable that he has her back, and when he is dead.Wolfsheims human molar cufflinks represent an increasingly materialistic and unfeeling society.Yet this text should be simply enjoyed as a love story as an entertaining narrative. The story of Gatsbys attempts to win the love of Daisy is representative of the writing styles during the 1920s, and is valued for this insight. The tale of a man loving a wo man and dieing in the quest for her love appeals to readers on an stimulated level.The numerous themes and ideas that F. Scott Fitzgerald presents in The Great Gatsby are valued in many ways. He shows that dreams should be important in peoples lives, and that everyone should have a goal in life. He also displays the corrupt nature of the American Dream in the 1920s, and how societys social classes and racist views will never result to equating in America. This perspective of 20th century life and Fitzgeralds style are also appreciated and valued.

The Great Gatsby Essay -- English Literature Essays

Texts can be valued and appreciated for numerous reasons, and this is particularly apparent in F. Scott Fitzgeralds newfangled, The Great Gatsby. The novel is a great part of 20th century literature and is valued for the themes and ideas which Fitzgerald presents, such as the importance of dreams in peoples lives, the myth that is the American Dream, Fitzgeralds perspective of 1920s life, and the style in which he portrays his ideas. It is likewise valued simply as a cut recital as an entertaining narrative.In The Great Gatsby, dreams and their importance play a major part in the plot and underlying themes. It is seen that Gatsby himself presents this idea the most this is because Gatsby is different to solely the other characters in the novel as he actually has a dream to improve himself which he hopes will eventually win back Daisys love. An extraordinary seat for hope, a romantic readiness such as I have never found in any other personThe reader learns that Gatsby has had dreams and ambitions his wide-cut life, while his parents had none Gatsby was not fond of this characteristic found in his parents. His goals and aspirations made him who he was and he realised that he was different to his parents in this way. He left his home, his mother and father at a young age and was described as a son of God. Gatsby disconnected himself from his parents and created his own identity as God created people.Gatsbys dream is symbolised by the green light on the end of Daisys dock, across the river from his house, and interprets his desire for Daisy. Nick (narrator the story) admires this quality in Gatsby and excuses all his faults because of his hopes and dreams. In the end, Gatsby dies in pursuit of his dreams and Nick says, No Gatsby turned out alright at the end it was what prayed on Gatsby, what foul dust floated in the perk up of his dreams.Nick, unlike the other characters, doesnt have any goals or aspirations. He doesnt have high expectations, and is c omfortable with the way he lives his life. However, the other characters, Jordan, Daisy, tomcat and Myrtle, are not happy with what they already have, and only have goals that are short-term, and are often self-centered and concerned with money.The people attending Gatsbys parties also appear to be materialistic and without ambitions. They go through life without directions or dre... ...urning to him. The light at the end of her dock reassures him that she is till close to him, and his house lights represent his attempt to attract her. His lights are only turned off after their first kiss, when he is comfortable that he has her back, and when he is dead.Wolfsheims human molar cufflinks represent an increasingly materialistic and unfeeling society.Yet this text should be simply enjoyed as a love story as an entertaining narrative. The story of Gatsbys attempts to win the love of Daisy is representative of the writing styles during the 1920s, and is valued for this insight. The ta le of a man loving a woman and dieing in the quest for her love appeals to readers on an emotional level.The numerous themes and ideas that F. Scott Fitzgerald presents in The Great Gatsby are valued in many ways. He shows that dreams should be important in peoples lives, and that everyone should have a goal in life. He also displays the corrupt nature of the American Dream in the 1920s, and how societys social classes and racist views will never result to equality in America. This perspective of 20th century life and Fitzgeralds style are also appreciated and valued.

Employee Turnover and Job Satisfaction Essay

A collection of peer- freshened articles were utilise to examine the link in the midst of patronage gaiety and employee turn all over, as well as how to effectively use deed motivation to decrease employee turnover considers. Though the writings surveys various types of studies in triple settings, overall it indicates that how fit employees ar with their bunk is directly linked with a business employee turnover rate. Major themes that emerged as the driving force behind subcontract satisfaction are staffing concerns, the implementation of a vantages system, employee benefits and pay, employer to employer converse, the prevalence of moral stressors, role distinction, and the organizational environment of the business. The look indicates that some or all of these factors should be apply as hunt motivators, increasing avocation satisfaction, and ultimately decreasing employee turnover rates. Keywords speculate satisfaction, employee turnover, employee satisfaction, em ployee retention, make motivation, employee motivation, employee engagement, retention factorsMinimizing Employee Turnover in a Clinical milieu by Creating Job Satisfaction People want to feel fulfilled in their work this is not recent discovery (Katzell & Thomson, 1990). When a person feels that he or she is beginning to lose a sense of purpose at their distance of employment, he or she moves on. Extensive research has been d angiotensin converting enzyme in attempts to deduce the causes behind employee turnover. The research examine in this literary works review indicates that in that location is a direct link between employee turnover and job satisfaction. This paper give be exploring employee turnover in a variety of work situations however, I will be observing with the purpose of implementing the findings at heart a health care setting.Since healthcare is something that is so vital in the lives of all people, it is absolutelynecessary that a healthcare system is take in efficiently for any business to be run efficiently, a skilled and competent staff is a requirement (Harter, Schmidt, & Hayes, 2002). Healthcare professions are senior highly demanding without proper work motivation, employee retention may suffer. Though high employee turnover rates can be seen in numerous professions, they are becoming especially prevalent in healthcare scenarios (Belbin, Erwee, & Wiesner, 2012). One causality for this may be that healthcare is becoming such a strong force, both in our daily lives and in the business world (Barrett, 2010).A large healthcare system calls for an ample staff with more employees, it generally follows that employee turnover rates will increase. Whatever the case, in order to maintain a successful clinic, one should have a clear understanding of what affects employee turnover. The goal of this paper is to understand the link between employee turnover rates and job satisfaction. Once these factors, or work motivators, are identifi ed, this paper will examine how they can be implemented within a clinic to decrease employee turnover and increase the performance levels of employees. DefinitionsEmployee turnover rate refers the frequency in which employers gain and lose employees (Cline, Reilly, & Moore, 2003). When examining turnover rates, some researchers like to make the distinction between voluntary and involuntary turnover. In this literature review, when I refer to employee turnover, I will be specifically focusing on voluntary turnover.Job satisfaction indicates the contentedness an individual feels toward their vocation. Job satisfaction, as this research will further confirm, is a complex and multifaceted concept many factors are integral in the accomplishment of job satisfaction. As Sell & Cleal (2011) confirm, there are many theories on what motivates job satisfaction, whether it be dispositional, situational, or psychological. This literature review is mainly concerned with situational job satisfacti on.Work motivation is defined by Lindner (1998) as the inner force that drives individuals to achieve personal and organizational goals (p. 1). Motivation is what gives us our purpose and tenacity it is the desire achieve specific goals and to meet necessarily unmet.Rewards systems are implemented by employers to both make aware their expectations for their employees and for employees to receive the benefit of cite when their job or task is performed with excellence (Shiraz, Rashid, & Riaz, 2011). Some examples of vocational rewards are promotions, monetary compensation, vacation, and credit entry. MethodApplicable research articles were found using resources and databases available through Cornerstone University in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The most advantageous databases were ProQuest, GaleGroup, AcademicOne, and PsychInfo. The pursuit key words were used to help narrow search results job satisfaction, employee turnover, employee satisfaction, employee retention, work motivation , employee motivation retention factors, and employee engagement. In order to keep this literature review applicable to current circumstances, articles dating before 2000 were not used, with the exception of those dealing with theoretical framework. The research was done in not only medical environments, scarce in a variety of work environments. The reason for this is that job satisfaction and employee turnover rates are very prevalent in a colossal twist of professions. The findings found within each(prenominal) article may be effectively applied to a clinical setting. Each article used for this literature review is peer-reviewed. Review of Related LiteratureSince the concept of job satisfaction and its relation to job performance and employee turnover is such a large topic, this literature review will be focusing on several key factors (a) the role of recognition and rewards in the work place (Shiraz et al., 2011) (b) meaningful communication between employer and employee (Sul tan, 2012) (c) the importance of leadership and role definition in the work place (Moynihan & Pandey, 2007). While all the researchers agreed that there are always a number of factors that influence employee turnover and job satisfaction, for succinctness, this particular literature review will specifically examine the aforementioned topics and their birth to employee turnover and job satisfaction. While it may not immediately seem that these topics are intrinsically connected, by exploring these themes piece-by-piece, in conclusion we are able to see howtogether they are able to suggest insight into how job satisfaction can be improved. The role of recognition and rewards in the work placeWithin the workplace, both employers and employees maintain certain expectations of each other. Employers expect their employees to take initiative, supervise themselves, continue to learn new skills, and be responsive to business needs (Ali & Ahmed, 2009, p. 1). Employees expect, at the very le ast, to be treated with fairness, to be paid a reasonable salary, and to experience a safe working atmosphere (Ali & Ahmed, 2007). These are, as Linz (2010) puts it, intrinsic rewards. In Linzs study, all employees valued these rewards as an integral part of job satisfaction and motivation only some employees placed great value on extrinsic rewards such as promotions and recognition. In a theoretical study constructed by Lindner (1998), the research indicated that simply receiving full appreciation for work done was ranked significantly weighty in a list of factors linked with job satisfaction, coming in at third.However, in a study performed by Ali & Ahmed (2009), a questionnaire given to 80 Unilever employees showed that there was a significant correlation with the extrinsic reward recognition and how satisfied and motivated they were in their work. Ali & Ahmed (2007) used the Pearsons Product Moment Correlation Coefficient to quantify their data. In a study very similar to the o ne performed by Ali & Ahmed (2007), Danish (2010) hypothesized that there would be a strong relationship between recognition and work motivation he also predicted that there would be a strong link between rewards and work motivation. Both of his hypotheses were supported however, the link between recognition and work motivation, though positive, was not as strong as anticipated.Though the link between rewards and work motivation was slightly stronger than the correlation between recognition and work motivation, it inactive was not as significant as the link between work motivation and the content of the work itself. Like Ahmed & Ali (2007), Danish (2010) used the Pearsons Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. Meaningful communication between employer and employeeIn a qualitative study of nurses who voluntarily left their jobs, researchers discovered that the reason the nurses communicated to their employer forleaving was not consistent with the reason they gave to a neutral third party when posited with the same question (Cline, Reilly, & Moore, 2003). Interestingly enough, the reasons that they gave for leaving were directly connected with problems concerning communication with their managing staff. In a theoretical study designed by Lindner (1998) with the purpose of ranking factors associated with work motivation, the feeling of being in on things was among the more important factors, placing sixth in the line-up.Some other factors that were mentioned in Lindners study could also be linked with the concept of employer and employee communication full appreciation of work done, personal loyalty to employees, tactful discipline, and sympathetic help with personal problems. Goris (2007) performed a moderated regression analysis on 302 employees. In his findings, he did not discover that employees communication-related interactions served as an indication of what types of jobs employees would choose. However, Goris (2007) did find that communication satisfact ion was a primary predictor of employees performance and overall job satisfaction.The importance of leadership and role definition in the work place The research consistently indicates that the establishment of roles within a work environment is important when examining employee turnover and job satisfaction (Patnaik, 2011). In a study performed by Cline et. al (2003) in which they interviewed registered nurses who had voluntarily left their place of employed, leadership and group cohesion were factors that directly affected turnover and retention. In another(prenominal) study, Moynihan et al. (2007) used a questionnaire to uncover a direct, positive relationship between role lucidity and how satisfied employees were with their jobs. However, in the same study, researchers found that role clarity did not seem to have much influence on the employees work involvement. Key Findings and Implications for Professional PracticeThe main focus of this literature is identifying the factors t hat influence job satisfaction and work motivation and how they influence employee turnover. The research indicates that there is a strong link between job satisfaction and employee retention and that there are several work motivators that can be implemented to increase job satisfaction and decrease employee turnover. In addition, the research implies that increased workmotivators and job satisfaction leads to higher performance levels in employees, greatly benefiting the organization or businesses they serve. While a high employee turnover rate is not hard for employees to see, it is oftentimes backbreaking to understand the reasons behind it. In this literature review, some real insight could be found in the study of registered nurse turnover rates performed by Cline et al. (2003).The nurses were very clear on their reasons for leaving their jobs when talking with a neutral third-party however, because they did not feel comfortable communicating with staff members within their fo rmer place of employment, they were unable to voice these concerns to their former employer. This demonstrates a very keen example of a problem seen in many work environments a lack of communication. end-to-end much of literature considered in this review, communication, withal if it was not directly named, emerged as a very important ingredient within an effective work environment. by means of proper communication, employers and employees are able to not only discuss what needs to be accomplished, barely they can begin to gain a better understanding of one another.Since there are such a number of work motivation factors, it is important for an employer, or, in larger companies, a manager to have centripetal communication with their employees and get to know them so they can meet their needs, leading to great job satisfaction for that individual. It seems that communication is a joining theme throughout many of the work motivating factors explored. Within a clinical setting, co mmunication can be cultivated through the establishment of meetings, memos, and clear definition of the clinics practices (Sultan, 2012). Role clarity, another factor in job satisfaction, can also be implemented through proper communication between staff members. Rewards within a clinic may be exhibited through compensation or promotion however, recognition, a form of reward, can be achieved through verbal or indite communication.Conclusion and RecommendationsIt is important to achieve an environment where ones employees feel fulfilled since, as the research confirms, this is directly connected with how successful and effective a business can be (Moynihan & Pandey, 2007). Many might assume that how much an employee is paid is the driving forcebehind whether or not they are satisfied with their job (Lindner, 1998). However, while that is a factor, many of studies included here, as well as well-respected theories on the subject of work motivation, imply that there are many other fact ors that influence how happy an employee is with their job. The work motivators explored specifically in this review all exhibit a strong correlation with job satisfaction, though they still do not encompass all the factors that influence a workers job satisfaction and motivation.Organized management, public service motivation, advancement opportunities, work content, and job routineness are some of the other factors that have a strong effect on job satisfaction. With such an array of factors to consider, it is clear that one cannot completely prevent employee turnover. However, as an employer or manager it is important to strive to create an environment where ones employees are empowered and motivated to perform their job to their best of their ability. By implementing practices in which an employee feels understood and valued, an employer is able to create a work environment where employees not only feel satisfied in their job, but they also feel motivated to set and accomplish g oals for themselves and for the business in which they serve.Especially in a healthcare setting, the motivation, which is to help make better, or even save the lives of others, is a substantial one. By gaining a better understanding of the work motivators that bring job satisfaction and minimize employee turnover, an employer can bring intimately outcomes that benefits clients, employees, and the future of their business.ReferencesAli, R., & Ahmed, M. S. (2009). The impact of reward and recognition programs on employees motivation and satisfaction an empirical study. International Review of Business Research Papers, 5(4), 270-279.Barrett, S. (2010). Healthcare evolution pains. Corporate Adviser, 33. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com/docview/757262546?accountid=10269 Belbin, C., Erwee, R., & Wiesner, R. (2012). Employee perceptions of workforce retention strategies in a health system. Journal of Management and Organization, 18(5), 742-760. Retrieved from http//search.proques t.com/docview/1268167639?accountid=10269 Cline, D.,Reilly, C., & Moore, J. F. (2003). Whats behind RN turnover? Nursing Management, 34(10), 50-3. Retrieved fromhttp//search.proquest.com/docview/231383281?accountid=10269 Danish, R. & Usman, A. (2010). Impact of reward and recognition on job satisfaction and motivation An empirical study from Pakistan. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(2), 159-167.Goris, J. R. (2007). Effects of satisfaction with communication on the relationship between individual-job congruence and job performance/satisfaction. Journal of Management Development, 26(8), 737-752. Retrieved from http//0www.emeraldinsight.com.eaglelink.cornerstone.edu/journals.htm?articleid=1621587&s ow=abstractsthash.u4JPs47o.dpufHarter, J. K., Schmidt, F. L., & Hayes, T. L. (2002). Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes A meta-analysis. Journal of apply Psychology, 87(2), 268-279. doihttp//dx.doi.or g/10.1037/0021 9010.87.2.268Katzell, R. A., & Thompson, D. E. (1990). Work motivation Theory and practice. The American Psychologist, 45(2), 144. Retrieved fromhttp//search.proquest.com/docview/212096149?accountid=10269 Linz, S.J. & Semykina, A. (2011). What makes workers happy? Anticipated rewards and job Satisfaction. Industrial Relations, 51(4), 811-844.Lindner, J. (1998). Understanding employee motivation. Journal of Extension (36)3. Retrieved from http//www.joe.org/joe/1998june/rb3.phpMoynihan, D. P., & Pandey, S. K. (2007). Finding workable levers over work motivation Comparing job satisfaction, job involvement, and organizational commitment. Administration & Society, 39(7), 803-816,818-832. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com/docview/196814421?accountid=10269 Patnaik, J. B. (2011). Organizational culture The key to effective leadership and work motivation. Social acquirement International, 27(1), 79-94. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com/docview/877005864?accounti d=10269 Sell, L. &Cleal, B. (2011). Job satisfaction, work environment, and rewards Motivational theory revisited. Labour, 25(1), 123. doi 10.1111/j.1467-9914.2010.00496.x Shiraz, N., Rashid, M., & Riaz, A. (2011). The impact of reward and recognition programs on employees motivation and satisfaction. Interdisciplinary Journal of contemporary Research in Business, 3(3), 1428-1434. Retrieved fromhttp//search.proquest.com/docview/887726475?accountid=10269 Sultan, S. (2012, December 31). Examining the job characteristics A matter of employees work motivation and job satisfaction. Journal of Behavioural Sciences, 22(2). Retrieved from http//0-go.galegroup.com.eaglelink.cornerstone.edu/ps/ i.do?id=GALE%7CA309533743&v=2.1&u=lom_cornerstc&it=r&p=AONE&sw=w

Adderall Literature Review Essay

According to DSM-IV (2005), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is defined as persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that is more ofttimes displayed and is more severe than is typically observed in individuals at comparable level of development. A new-fashioned study suggests that 9% of U.S. school-aged children (3-17) atomic number 18 diagnosed with ADHD (US Centers for unsoundness Control and stripe, 2010). At first, there was a misconception in society that ADHD only affected children and that eventually they would outgrow it. However, recent data suggests that 4.4% of the U.S. adult people nourish ADHD. Studies likewise indicate that 30%-70% of children with ADHD continue to suck symptoms as adults. (Desantis, 2008, p. 31)See more Experiment on polytropic process EssayIn terms of treating ADHD, Adderall is the most commonly prescribed medicine for children and adults. According to Desantis (as cited in Okie, 2006), The number of Ame rican adults who argon prescribed medication to treat the disorder has change magnitude by 90% from 2002 to 2005, with adults receiving one-third of all prescription(prenominal)s (p. 32). Shire Pharmaceuticals introduced Adderall in 1996. In 2001, Shire introduced an extended release version known as Adderall XR. Adderall is a miscellaneous salt amphetamine.It works to increase concentration and focus by stimulating the production of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain (Schiffner, 2010). For individuals with ADHD, Adderall produces enough dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain to bring them to a normal state of functioning and focus. For individuals without ADHD, Adderall tends to over-stimulate the brain, which results in an even higher level of functioning and focus. Adderall, on with cocaine and separate substances, is classified as a Schedule II substance because of its potential for abuse and dependency both physically and psychologically. using up of Adderall by College StudentsThe main content being explored throughout this paper is the use of Adderall among college students. There have been numerous studies that have explored the overall usage of Adderall, but only a few have foc utilize specifically on its consumption by college students. Studies have as well as been done on the illegal usage of other stimulants among college students, which highlight relative statistics. Nichols (2004) indicated,the joined States De give awayment of Health and Human Services found in an annual survey of drug use that 1.8 meg Americans between the ages of 18 and 25, or 6 percent of those surveyed, admitted having taken Ritalin an older stimulant used to treat attention-deficit disorder without a prescription (p. A41). This study indicates that there is a growing nation of college students who consume non-prescribed stimulants.McCabe et al (2005), conducted a study in which 10,904 students were surveyed at 119 different 4-year colleges in the Unite d States. From that study McCabe et al (2005) found that 6.9% of the students surveyed used an illegal prescription stimulant in their life. 4.1% of which used an illegal prescription stimulant in the past year. Also for the study, McCabe et al (2005) found that non-medical prescription stimulant users were more apparent to report use of alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, ecstasy, cocaine, and other risky behaviors (p. 96).Loe et al (2008) conducted a study on Adderall and Ritalin amongst the college population and results showed that students may resort to medical means to behave their time and to perform well inside and outside of the classroom (p.8). Although the primary use of the drug is for academic purposes, students also turn to it for recreational purposes. Statistically, Loe et al (2008) reported, 75% of the students who took these meds indicated doing so for academic purposes. Students also list taking them for fun (68%), to stay awake (56%), and to party (50%) as other re asons (p.8).Adderall may also help childlike adults improve their driving ability. It has been reported that individuals with ADHD are more likely to be at fault in driving accidents (Burgbacher and Brewer, 2006, p. 7) (as cited in Kay, 2005). This data indicates that students are finding alternative reasons for using stimulants and not just for academic purposes. Desantis et al (2008) surveyed 1,811 students at a large public institution in the southeast. Of the students surveyed, only 4% reported having a prescription to ADHD while 34% reported having used ADHD medication illegally (p. 32).Desantis et al (2008) also indicated that only 2% of the students believed Schedule II amphetamines posed a health risk. 81% of the students believed that ADHD medications were not dangerous at all or slightly dangerous (Desantis et al 2008, p. 33) More recently, Schwarz (2013), in an article for the impertinent York Times, indicated (as cited in I.M.S. Health, 2011) that nearly 14 million mon thly prescriptions for the condition were written for Americans ages 20-39, two and half times the 5.6 million just 4 years before. (p. 18)Each of these studies reported similar statistics and similar trends growing amongst the college population. Each study reported a high rate of students consuming non-medical ADHD medications. The more alarming statistic revealed by these studies is that non-medical prescription stimulant users were more likely to abuse other drugs and also believed that ADHD medications were not dangerous at all. This indicates that Adderall and other ADHD medications are becoming a gateway drug. It is also indicates that students may be justifying their usage of non-medical consumption of ADHD medication.Attainment of AdderallStudies show that Adderall is used very often which indicates that it is not difficult for a student to attain. Evidently, those without prescriptions find it rather easy to obtain Adderall. On college campuses, there are usually peers s elling or willing to give away Adderall, which is a federal crime. Stolz (2012) put much of the blame on universities by stating that,Universities are a large part of the problem. Student can simply go to the health clinic on campus and obtain a prescription for Adderall or an ADHD diagnosis. The process is easy for most, and many students are misdiagnosed in that manner. University clinics eliminate the need for these students to find and make appointments with a psychiatrist, which may take months and entails more stringent testing prior to diagnosis. (p. 586)Studies also show that, along with universities, physicians often prescribe ADHD prescriptions without performing exact assessments that physicians are trained to perform (Nichols, 2004). Furthermore, money is also areason for a student to seek an Adderall prescription. Based on the previous statistics mentioned, it is widely known that there is a high demand for Adderall on a college campus, which makes it a profitable inves tment. Not only does the individual who obtains the prescription benefit from the enhancement of their own academic performance, but also the potential to earn income by selling the pills (Stolz, 2012, p. 586).Loe et al (2008) reported that Of the 68 students who claimed to have taken prescription stimulants without a prescription, a large majority, 87%, received the drugs from friends and family and 26% purchased the drug. (p. 9). This statistic further verifies the simplicity in obtaining prescription stimulants.Health Concerns in Correlation with Adderall ConsumptionAlong with the upside of the drug, as with any other drug, there is a downside that negatively affects individuals physically and psychologically. Negative side effects of Adderall consumption include bother sleeping, loss of appetite, seizures, uncontrolled shaking and body movements, and hallucinations (Schiffner, 2010). The Medical Guide for Adderall (which is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug administrations) li sts common side effects as,Headache, decreased appetite, patronize ache, nervousness, trouble sleeping, mood swings, weight loss, dizziness, dry mouth, and fast heart beat (Medication Guide, 2011, p. 17) More drastic side effects may result from long periods of Adderall consumption, oddly for individuals who do not have ADHD. Ultimately, this long term consumption can result in severe physical and psychological dependence. In a recent article in the New York Times, Schwarz (2013) (as cited from The Journal of Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2006) wrote, more or less 10 percent of adolescents and young adults who misused ADHD stimulants became addicted to them. Even proper, vivify supervised use of the medications can trigger psychotic behavior or suicidal thoughts in about 1 in 400 patients, according to a 2006 study in the American Journal of Psychiatry (p. 18).In March 2005, Health Canada actually suspended the sale of Adderall XR based on 20 global reports of sharp death in pat ients (Kratochvil, 2005). Evidently, the long-term use of Adderall can cause major health issues including, severe dependence, psychotic behaviors, possible suicidal ideations, and even sudden death.Justifications for Illegal use of Adderall and other Attention-deficit MedicationsIn society, individuals with drug and substance abuse issues often try to justify their abuse. The main goal of Desantis (2008) study was to see how college students study the drug and justify its use (p.35).The first justification was comparing ADHD stimulants to party drugs. They asserted that it was morally justifiable to use ADHD stimulants because it was to promote a positive outcome (Desantis, 2008 p. 36). Another assertion was that ADHD stimulants were good, legal drugs because they come from medical establishments rather than bad, illegal street drugs (Desantis, 2008, p. 36). Other participants believed that theres no high because it does not alter their mind and pose the same side effects in comp arison to other illegal street drugs (Desantis, 2008 pp. 36-37).Other justifications indicated in Desantis (2008) study were that students use ADHD stimulants in moderation and therefore it is not harmful. Other students maintained that they use stimulants to self-medicate because they believe they have ADHD themselves and have not been diagnosed. The final rationalization is that ADHD stimulants are harmless, benign, and a socially acceptable anti-fatigue aid (Desantis, 2008, pp. 38-41).All in all, the previous research supplies recent qualitative and quantitative data that implies that Adderall and other ADHD stimulant consumption among the college population is a recurring and growing trend. Research also maintained that universities and physicians are also responsible for the drugs circulation. As a result of this research, it is evident that college-aged individuals are unaware of the major physical and psychological risks that can result from the illegal consumption of Adderal l and also believe that their consumption is justifiable within society.For this study, a survey will be anonymously distributed among college campuses in the area containing both quantitative and qualitative questions about their experience and/or knowledge of Adderall. The sample population will be college students in the area between the ages of 18-25.The sample population will be selected anonymously and will remain anonymous because the study touches upon illegal activity. I will gain access to my subjects via social media networks (facebook, twitter, etc.). From the survey, I expect to obtain pertinent breeding that will help understand why college students consume non-prescribed Adderall, how they gain access to Adderall, and if they are aware of the risks that come along with Adderall consumption.References Burgbacher, Katie, and Amanda Brewer Study of Adderall Use Among College Students A New and Upcoming Trend University of Kentucky. RUNNING HEAD Research Project (2006). Pp 1-19 Desantis, Alan, and Audrey Curtis Hane. Adderall is Definitely Not a Drug Justifications for the Illegal Use of ADHD Stimulants. midpoint Use & Misuse 45 (2008) 31-46. Print. Diagnostic criteria for attention deficit for hyperactivity disorder, (2005). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. American Psychiatric Association. Kratochvil, Christopher. Health Canada suspends Adderall. Brown University child & Adolescent Psychopharmacology Update 7 (2005) 12. Print. Loe, M. E., DeWitt, C. , Quirindongo, C. and Sandler, R. , 2006-08-11 Pharming to Perform in the Classroom Making Sense of the Medically-Disciplined College Student Body Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Online . 2012-06-24 fromhttp//www.allacademic.com/meta/p103442_index.html McCabe, S. E., et al (2005). Non-medical use of prescription opioids amongU.S. college students Prevalence and correlates from a national survey. Addictive Behaviors, 30(4), 96-106. Nichols, K. (2004). The other performance-enhancing drugs. Chronicle of Higher Education, 51(17), A41-A42. Okie, S. (2006). ADHD in adults. New England Journal of Medicine, 35426372641. Schiffner, Jennifer. 2010. Harder, Better, Faster Stronger Regulating Illicit Adderall Use Among Law Students and Law Schools Express Schwarz, Alan. Drowned in a stream of Prescriptions. The New York Times 3 Feb. 2013 1, 18-20. Print. Stolz, Stefanie. Adderall vilification Regulating the Academic Steroid. Journal of Law and Education 41, No.3 (2011) 585-592. Print. Visser, SN, RH Bitsko, ML Danielson, and R Perou. Increasing Prevalence of Parent-Reported Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Among Children United States, 2003 and 2007. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 59.44 (2010) 1439-1443. Print.

Being Punctual

There are a lot of reasons to be on beat for work. First of all is because its an inconvenience for me and the people I work with. When I am belated I hold back my coworkers. Being late shows disrespect to the people I work for, and to the United States Marine Corps. It is cardinal to be on duration to show that I respect what I do and that I am form for the day. By being on time I can focus more on the tasks at hand alternatively of stressing about the reasons why I was late. It also keeps me from having to play catch up.Being late also offends others. When I am late they have to wait for me and it sicks others can as well. Being late is a sign of laziness. I do non feel that I am lazy, and I do not wishing to give off signs that I am. I stool pride in that I am usually early. I think being on time is important so that I can focus on my work and get what I need done. I like to be prepared and ready for the day, and being late messes my routine, as well as everyone elses u p. Being late not only hurts my job, but me as an individual.I allow for drop the respect of my coworkers and it impart hurt my chances of being promoted in the emerging. That will also affect my family. Being late is not something that I plan to make a habit of. I plan to teach my daughter the importance of being on time to school, work and anywhere else she goes. As a Corporal in the United States Marine Corps it is my responsibility to bunch the example for everyone around me. If I am late on a regular basis it will make those below me think that it is acceptable when it is not.By being late it shows poor leadership, bad initiative, and weakness to my peers. As an NCO in charge of funeral details it is important to be on time to the funerals. If I am late to a funeral I can cause more distress to the family that is already grieving their disjointed loved one. I wouldnt appreciate it if I hired a worker who was repeatedly late so I dont indirect request to be that inconveni ence for anyone else. It is very important that I make it to my appointments on time as well as coming in to work it should not be any different between appointments or work.If I do not come into work on time it can make my precedential noncommissioned officers worried because I have not checked in or called with information on where I am at, if I am hurt or if there was an emergency that I needed to take my wife or daughter to the hospital. I understand that if I do not take control by waking up on time that it becomes a habit that will be hard to break and cause me to get into sound trouble or even get me reduced in rank.If I am to fix this problem I must irst figure out what is qualification me sleep in, then I must do whatever I can to fix this problem by ensuring that it does not happen anymore to me or my fell marines. As the training noncommissioned officer it is my responsibility to ensure everyones training is up to date and everything is stored properly, I cannot do tha t if I offer in the door late because everyone is waiting for me which will make my staff noncommissioned officers pissed off at me.Their being mad at me will make work even harder for all of us. I do not want to make excuses for why I was late. I know that it was my fault. In the future I will try my hardest not to be late again. I will make sure every night that my alarm clock is set as well as the alarm on my phone. I will wake up early and be at work early and put in all the effort I can.

Life Is Not Fair

There seems to be a lot of talk these age about(predicate) what is fair, and what is not. President Obama seems to believe life should be fair, that everybody should apply a fair shake. Some of the 99% seem to believe life has treated them unfairly, and few of the 1% percent feel life hasnt treated them fairly enough. I would probably be one of those 99% people because we all know we realize are moments where life Just sucks. My questions are these What is fair? Is life fair? Should life be fair?We clearly have no choice about how we come into this world, we have little choice early in life, but as we grow older choices abound. I have long believed that while we have no control over the beginning of our life, the overwhelming majority of us have the ability to influence the outcomes we attain. Fair is a state of mind, and most often, an flatulent state of mind. I understand that throughout life I will continuously develop and learn. I will continue to introspect and question myself.I recognize there is always room for improvement and that I will never be perfect. It would be ridiculous to assert that those who fail over and over once more eventually succeed as leaders. Success in any endeavor isnt a process of simply buying enough lottery tickets. The key that unlocks the inlet to opportunity is learning. Leaders are constantly learning from their errors and failures. Try, fail, and learn. Try, fail, and learn. Try, fail and learn. Thats the leader mantra. Leaders are learners.You need to learn from your failures as well as your successes and to get it possible for others to do the same. You can say life is unfair all you want but the ones who listen to the people that say get used to it never step up and do something about it. They let life keep treating them unfair and eventually Just blame life on all of their problems. So yes I do believe in the saying Life is not fair get used to it. Sometimes we Just have to let it swear off are shoulders and say its Just a part of life.

Health and Social Care Essay

Ageing execute is a must of human growth and developments their various attempts have there have been made to explain the process of ageing and identify the key influential factors. Health and social care practitioners of somewhat with all the state I need to understand how individuals adapt to spirit during gray-haired-age.What is disengagement theoryPlanning and Henry would process the disengage is meant theory as a way of explaining different behaviour and development in old age. They would suggest that when people reach their 60s they begin to disengage from active role in society for a variety of reasons Ill health retirement from usage loss of friendship and social support through illness and death of partners friends and relatives Lack of access to travel facilities inability to use communication technologyThey beseech that disengagement in old age happens voluntarily and with the approval of the younger generation because it frees up work for them. They suggest it is no rmal and appropriate that has benefits of society and the older people. The disengagement theory has been criticised for the acceptance of the social exclusion for older people, They say that you could be argued that age is then restrict the ability of some older people, They deal that they are not active citizens and they withdrawal from active social roles and its not a choice. Their original research has been criticises well is based on minor(ip) sample of American adults who were taken to be typical of or older people everywhere they also just suggest that many older people remain engaged with their family and friends and then no more socially active in these types of groups once they have retired from work. To Mary worked until an old age and she wouldve been acted until then breathing out to work playing with her children when she grows older she may Now still be active with walking to the shops or going to different educational classes to stimulate her brain. activeness t heory This processes that different disengagement theory, the more active the older person is the more they will be satisfied they will feel. The exertion theorist such as fennell, phillipson and evens would argue that older people often resist disengagement from different important aspects of their life by maintaining a middle age lifestyle. more older people will take part in social and education activities as a way of staying mentally active and physically healthy. The activity theory has been critiques on the grounds that it could be a way of explaining the response to ageing of some people it fails to take the diversity of the older population into account. universe socially active and engaged may be positive for those with different personalities and characteristics living in certain circumstances.

Chapter 24 Discussion Questions

Chapter 24 Discussion Questions How sanitary were houses of the British lower orders? The houses of the British lower orders were completely unsanitary and unhealthy. In various sections of Manchester, as firearmy as 200 people shared one outhouse. These outhouses were non cleaned out oft and sewage overflowed and seeped into dwellings. Some courtyards became dung hills and sometimes excrement was gathered and sold as fertilizer. How did womens status change during the 19th Century? Women usually did non wee-wee in the factories in 19th century Europe.It became expected of them to stay home and take care of the children. They formed bonds with their children because of the decrease in baby mortality rate rates and genuinely loved their husbands because people married out of love, not for economic reasons. Women had legal inferiority to their husbands and worked to change that throughout the 19th century. They campaigned for equal pick out rights and access to higher education and professional employment. These groups gained important victories like the 1882 law that gave English women complete property rights. Discuss the philosophy of Auguste Comte.Auguste Comte was a French philospher who was an exceptionally influential system builder in the 19th century. He believed that intellectual activity goes through predictable stages. Comte believed that his new discipline of sociology would identify the eternal laws of humankind relations by applying the scientific method, or positivist method as it is also known. These stages of knowledge illustrate the popularity of the idea of evolution in the 19th century. How was raptus transformed in the 19th Century? In the 1870s horse-drawn streetcars operated in many European cities, which were invented in America.In the 1890s European cities utilized the electric streetcar, which was some separate American invention. Electric streetcars were cheaper and faster than horse-drawn streetcars. Millions of Europeans made use of the improved public transportation, workers, shoppers, and schoolchildren alike. In 1886 horse-drawn streetcars were transporting 900 million riders in England, Austria-Hungary, Germany, and France. In 1910 electric streetcars were transporting 6. 7 million passengers in those four countries. The improvement in public transportation helped the overpopulation of urban cities.Urban workers were able to live further away from the cities and still get to and from work using the innovations is public transportation. Art analysis Decide on a 19th Century painting that best describes urban living. Be prepared to press out the painting and explain how it reflects urban living. This painting shows urban living in the 19th century for a couple of reasons. The horse-drawn streetcars show the increase in public transportation during the 19th century. The spacious boulevards show the change in urban planning in Paris by Georges Haussmann at that time.How did the rise of industrial enterprise affect urban life and the family? Industrialization caused overcrowding in major cities which sped up the spread of diseases and germs. Most people who lived in major cities lived in buildings that were cramped with as many as ten people in one room. Living conditions were poor and unhealthy. Sewers flowed alongside or down the middle of unpaved streets. Millions of European families lived in shit. How did the scientific-technological thinking influence the social sciences and the arts? Many people attempted to apply the objective methods of science to the study of society.These new social scientists had access to huge sets of numerical data that various governments had started to accumulate on all things, from prostitution to population, from crime to children. Along with Auguste Comte, another influential philosopher and scientist was Charles Darwin. Darwin presented the idea of natural selection and evolution in the 19th century. Darwin said that variations within a specific species will kill off the weaker members will die off and the stronger members will survive, based on Malthus theory that population will always outgrow the amount of supplies.How different are our attitudes toward gender and class issues from those of the Victorian Age? In the Victorian Age, the man had his place in the family and the women had theirs. Women were expected to stay home and manage the household, take care of the children, and manage the money. Men were expected to be the wage earners in factories and offices, not the women. Women only had jobs outside the house if they were extremely poor. And women who did have jobs like this, were paid significantly less than men who held the same job position.Nowadays, it is very common rule for women to have jobs outside the household. It is also illegal to pay employees more or less because of gender or racial reasons nowadays. Compare women and child-raising in the sixteenththrough 18thCenturies with the 19thCentury? Throughout the 16th century, women were afraid to form bonds with their children because of the extremely high infant mortality rate. In the 18th century, the peasantry still did not become attached to their children until they were at least a year old. If the child survived the first year of life, his odds of surviving were much greater.Older children helped in cottage industry and the more children there were to help produce textiles and other things, the better. During the 18th century, the upper classes still neglected their children. Infants were usually handed off to wet nurses because breast-feeding was seen as a burden and by breast-feeding your children, there was a take chances of becoming close to them. Finally, in the 19th century, women formed bonds with their children, no matter how young and breast-feeding was seen as a privilege, unlike before. Women were not as afraid of forming bonds with their children because infant mortality rates began to decrease.

Accounting Roles in the Company and Importance of Accounting Essay

Accounting is an information and the measurement that arrangement identifies, records and communicates information about an organization communication channel activities. In business we used method of accounting in in all the aspects. The most common contact through accounting is through credit approvals, checking accounts, and payrolls. In a secular term accounting is a language of business because all the organization set up an accounting information in order to communicate information to help people to take decision..There argon 2 kinds of decision makers 1) External Users and Internal UsersExternal users They are not directly involved in running the business. So, they will have a very limited access to an organization details. Still their business decisions depend on the information that is reliable, comparable and relevant. . External users include people like Lenders, Government shareholders, outside(a) auditors and regulators..Example External auditors use financial stat ements to verify that they are properly prepared according to GAAP.2) Lenders would front into the information whether an organization will repay its loan and interest.3) Customers use financial statement to check the precedent of the suppliers.See more Homeless satire essayInternal Users They are directly involved in managing and operating an organization they will help in improving the efficiency of the business. They include managers, officers(employees), internal auditors, and sales staff .Example Managers would look into the information about the project cost and revenues in order to makes changes in products and services.Both Internal and external users rely on internal controls in order to control, monitor ships company activites.

Nature and Nature in Cognitive Development Essay

Why are twain nature and nurture important in perceptual overhaulment? How do both help a babys virtuoso and sensory organs to develop? The question of whether nature or nurture is more important in cost of perceptual development has bee long debated. In general, there are two theories that explain how humans develop these perceptions. The nativistics claim that our brains are built or hardwired to recognize certain stimuli by both design and construction. In contrast, an Empiricist would say that we learn through experience how to perceive things.There was an investigate done by Nativist researchers that sought to determine how very recent mammals are able to perceive. The data concluded that early infants were able to perceive quite a lot before they reall(a)y had a chance to learn anything. Gibson and paseos the visual cliff experiment was one such experiment, in this try on both young animals and 6 month old human infants were taken to a side of a visual cliff, the tes t subjects would avoid the clearly deep drop. This indicated that children can perceive visual depth and that visual depth dominates dismantle touch information.Additionally, studies arrive at been done that disposition babies can recognize faces and that they often prefer the visual arousal of carton faces as opposed to the same features arranged at random. In other tests it was shown that babies can in addition recognize whether or not and object is coming directly at their face or not. These experiments show that even the undeveloped infant brain has considerable capacity for perceptual capabilities. In contrast, several Empiricists experiments have been done as well. In one such study, scientists sought to determine the effects of depriving developing animals from perceptual stimulations.These tests have consistently shown that the longer the subject is deprived, the more severe the consequences. For example, humans are some terms born(p) without sight, due to a clouded co rnea. Later in life some elect to have surgery to repair this clouded cornea. The result is sight, these people can see but they cannot perceive what it is that they see. As time goes on they slowly learn to distinguish one object from another, but this is however quite advantageously interrupted. Often changing an objects position or context is quite enough to slow down or prevent recognition.To conclude, although some argue that perception is due to nature, while others argue for nurture, it may in concomitant be that the two factors are interdependent and rely on each other. Support for this idea comes from an experiment that studied rats and found that those raised in a perceptually restricted environment had smaller brain development than those raised in an enriched environment, suggesting that while we are born with innate capabilities we need the environment to understand we develop our abilities to perceive well.The perceptual capabilities we have at birth must be streng thened constantly through perceptual stimulation, furthermore, it would seem that perception in general follows the use it or lose it principle. barely as unused muscles become week, so to do our senses if left unused. Nature and nurture are both essential to health y perceptual development stimulation begins in the womb and quickly follows all the way through adulthood. Sources.Nature and Nurture in perceptual Development. . www. indiana. edu. Web. 11 Feb 2013. . . Experiencing Sensation and Perception. . physch. hanover. edu. Web. 11 Feb 2013. . Arterberry, M. Perceptual Development. . Colby College. Web. 11 Feb 2013. .

Belonging: Indigenous Australians and White Society Essay

A backbone of belonging can emerge from the connections make with people, places, groups, communities and the larger world. The quote is clearly represented in the sportswoman Rainbows End by Jane Harrison and the musical _____________________________________. be is subjective and so there is no correct way of what it means but what I stand for belonging means is to feel apart or connected with the rest of the group.In my first text edition Rainbows End by Jane Harrison it supports and reveals connections made with people, places, groups, communities and the larger world. This will become evident throughout the language, and symbolizations used in the play. Rainbows End is fiction but Harrison tried to capture the indigenous experience that was set in the 1950s. Harrison alike draws historical events in the play such as the fags visit, the Rumbalara housing development and the Assimilation Policy.The play is focused on three indigenous Australians Nan Dear who is against whi tes and uses this to form her identity as an Aboriginal. Refuses to dictate that the Queen is not her Queen as Nan thinks that it is a part of the white guild. Gladys is an earnest and idealistic person who desperately wants to be in the white society She believes that she will meet the Queen. Dolly is the youngest and she is proud to be Aboriginal but is ashamed of the status that comes with it. She is also dutiful and large(p) working serious about her homework.Gladys and Dolly constantly listen to the radio this is a symbol for the woman connecting to the rest of society. The radio gets the woman to listen and become more involved in society even though they are perceived outcasts. The radio keeps them connected to society and in turns gives them a sense of belonging. The encyclopedias that Gladys brought from Errol are another symbol used in the play. Gladys brought these encyclopedias for Dolly as Gladys believes that it may represent an chance for Dolly to be a part of th e white society.

My Philosophy in Life Essay

Living life to the fullest and helping others achieve the same while being my devil-may-care self is my philosophy. My values to live life by are, to reason with or ask questions about anything and everything, to provide others my point of view and persuading them is also important to me, and to accept people for who they are and help them no case what, that defines who I am.Life is a mystery that everyone unfolds each day, by each passing moment. Asking questions, to me is something I find logical because if a hum being is curious, it wants the answer. During my childhood, when I read books about my religion, so many another(prenominal) questions arouse in my head. Asking my parents was the only resource I had to answering my questions and ridding me of my curiosity. The world has changed so a great deal only because people ask so many questions and work hard to find answers, if possible that is. parcel people learn and understand both the questions and answers through my exp eriences is a joy to me and I live by this philosophy.Answering the many questions is fine, and not everyone agrees with my reasoning. This challenging rivalry, the desire to prove my point to the opponent whether Im right or wrong is another one of my philosophies. Back in Dubai while I was in Grade 5, I was a participant at a debate, and the topic that I had to public lecture about was, whether if the introduction of computers into society during this era had a negative effect.Although I was proved wrong by my rival, I stood my ground and got my point across using facts, direct quotations, and my personal drive to prove him wrong. This was not in order to win like most people see it, it was in order to essay everyone the flip side of the issue at hand and to educate them about it. Being challenged is my drive to reduce forward.Proving my point is fun, but taking peoples feelings into consideration is the most important philosophy I live by. Sometimes it angers or upsets people when what they believed in or lived by was wrong. Causing conflict is something I always try to avoid, since Im a very carefree person who likes to go with the current and work accordingly. I had to prove to my parents that the career path I chose to pursue was the right choice for me. I convinced them but I also making sure I achieve what they want me to achieve, so that they are happy.As a person who is carefree, I live life as it goes on but I also stop and realise whats happening around me, learn from it, and share my experiences with people. I prove my point but also accept others opinion so I see how other people view the world and what they think about it. This is how I learn and live life, using these a couple of(prenominal) philosophies of mine.

Role of Culture

GEORGIAN AMERICAN UNIVERSITY School of Business semester 2 the role of civilization Student Mariam Chitiashvili 29. 03. 13 heathenish values, beliefs, and traditions signifi cornerstonetly affect family life. refinements ar to a greater extent than language, dress, and food customs. Cultural throngs whitethorn sh atomic number 18 race, ethnicity, or nationality, but they also arise from cleavages of generation, socioeconomic class, sexual placeation, ability and disability, political and phantasmal affiliation, language, and g suppresser to name only a few.Two things be essential to remember around cultures they atomic number 18 of all prison term changing, and they relate to the symbolic dimension of life. The symbolic dimension is the place where we argon constantly qualification heart and enacting our identities. Cultural messages from the groups we belong to tump everyplace us reading closely what is meaningful or primary(prenominal), and who we atomic number 18 in the world and in relation to others our identities. Cultural messages, simply, atomic number 18 what e preciseone in a group knows that outsiders do non know.They are the water fish swim in, unaware of its effect on their vision. They are a serial publication of lenses that shape what we see and dont see, how we perceive and interpret, and where we draw boundaries. In formation our values, cultures contain startle points and currencies1. Starting points are those places it is natural to begin, whether with individual or group concerns, with the big picture or particularities. Currencies are those things we care or so that influence and shape our interactions with others. How Cultures WorkThough largely below the surface, cultures are a shifting, high-powered set of get-go points that orient us in particular shipway and away from other directions. Each of us belongs to multiple cultures that give us messages astir(predicate) what is normal, appropriate, and expecte d. When others do not meet our expectations, it is oft a cue that our ethnic expectations are diverse. We whitethorn mistake differences between others and us for evidence of bad faith or lack of reciprocal sense on the part of others, not realizing that common sense is also cultural.What is common to one group whitethorn seem strange, counterintuitive, or prostitute to another. Cultural messages shape our ensureings of relationships, and of how to deal with the involution and harmony that are alship canal present whenever 2 or much flock come together. Writing about or working cross ways cultures is complicated, but not impossible. Here are some complications in working with cultural dimensions of conflict, and the implications that flow from themCulture is constantly in flux as conditions change, cultural groups adapt in dynamic and some periods unpredictable ways.Culture is largely below the surface, influencing identities and meaning-making, or who we believe ourse lves to be and what we care about it is not wanton to access these symbolic levels since they are largely outside our sensory faculty. Cultural influences and identities become important depending on context. When an aspect of cultural identity is threatened or misunderstood, it may become relatively more important than other cultural identities and this fixed, narrow identity may become the focus of stereotyping negative projection, and conflict. This is a very common situation in intractable conflicts.Since culture is so closely related to our identities (who we think we are), and the ways we apply meaning (what is important to us and how), it is always a figure in conflict. Cultural awareness leads us to apply the Platinum Rule in place of the Golden Rule. Rather than the maxim Do unto others as you would have them do unto you, the Platinum Rule advises Do unto others as they would have you do unto them. Cultures are embedded in every conflict because conflicts arise in hu man relationships. Cultures affect the ways we name, frame, blame, and tackle to tame conflicts. Whether a conflict exists at all is a cultural question.In an interview conducted in Canada, an ripened Chinese man indicated he had experienced no conflict at all for the previous 40 years. 2 Among the possible reasons for his denial was a cultural preference to see the world through lenses of harmony quite a than conflict, as encouraged by his Confucian up rescue. Labeling some of our interactions as conflicts and analyzing them into smaller component parts is a distinctly Western approach that may obscure other aspects of relationships. Culture is always a factor in conflict, whether it plays a central role or influences it subtly and gently.For any conflict that touches us where it matters, where we make meaning and hold our identities, there is always a cultural component. Intractable conflicts like the Israeli-Palestinian conflict or the India-Pakistan conflict over Kashmir are not just about territorial, boundary, and sovereignty come to the fores they are also about acknowledgement, representation, and legitimization of antithetic identities and ways of living, being, and making meaning. Conflicts between teenagers and parents are shaped by generational culture, and conflicts between spouses or partners are influenced by gender culture.In organizations, conflicts arising from different disciplinary cultures escalate tensions between co-workers, creating strained or wide colloquy and stressed relationships. Culture permeates conflict no matter what sometimes pushing forth with intensity, other times quietly snaking along, hardly announcing its presence until surprised people nearly stumble on it. Culture is inextricable from conflict, though it does not cause it. When differences surface in families, organizations, or communities, culture is always present, shaping perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and outcomes.When the cultural groups we belong to are a large majority in our community or nation, we are slight likely to be aware of the content of the messages they send us. Cultures overlap by dominant groups often seem to be natural, normal the way things are do. We only notice the effect of cultures that are different from our profess, at pitching to behaviors that we label exotic or strange. Though culture is intertwined with conflict, some approaches to conflict resolution background cultural issues and influences. Since culture is like an iceberg largely submerged it is important to include it in our analyses and interventions.Icebergs unrecognized can be dangerous, and it is impossible to make choices about them if we dont know their size or place. Acknowledging culture and bringing cultural blandness to conflicts can swear out all kinds of people make more intentional, adaptive choices. devoted cultures important role in conflicts, what should be done to keep it in mind and include it in response plans? Cul tures may act like temperamental children complicated, elusive, and difficult to predict. Unless we develop comfort with culture as an integral part of conflict, we may find ourselves tangled in its net of complexity, limited by our own cultural lenses.Cultural fluency is a key tool for disentangling and managing multilayered, cultural conflicts. Cultural fluency means familiarity with cultures their natures, how they work, and ways they intertwine with our relationships in times of conflict and harmony. Cultural fluency means awareness of several dimensions of culture, including * Communication, * ship canal of naming, framing, and taming conflict, * Approaches to meaning making, * Identities and roles. Each of these is described in more detail below. As people communicate, they move along a continuum between high- and low-context.Depending on the kind of relationship, the context, and the purpose of intercourse, they may be more or less explicit and direct. In close relationships , communication shorthand is often used, which makes communication opaque to outsiders but perfectly clear to the parties. With strangers, the same people may choose low-context communication. Low- and high-context communication refers not only to individual communication strategies, but may be used to understand cultural groups. Generally, Western cultures tend to gravitate toward low-context starting points, while Eastern and Southern cultures tend to high-context communication.Within these huge categories, there are important differences and many variations. Where high-context communication tends to be featured, it is useful to pay specific management to nonverbal cues and the behavior of others who may know more of the unstated rules governing the communication. Where low-context communication is the norm, directness is likely to be expected in return. There are many other ways that communication varies across cultures. Ways of naming, framing, and taming conflict vary across cultural boundaries. As the example of the elderly Chinese interviewee illustrates, not everyone agrees on what constitutes a conflict.For those accustomed to subdued, calm discussion, an ruttish exchange among family members may seem a threatening conflict. The family members themselves may look at their exchange as a normal and desirable airing of differing views. These are just some of the ways that taming conflict varies across cultures. Third parties may use different strategies with quite different goals, depending on their cultural sense of what is needed. In multicultural contexts, parties expectations of how conflict should be addressed may vary, further escalating an existing conflict. Approaches to meaning-making also vary across cultures.Hampden-Turner and Trompenaars suggest that people have a range of starting points for making sense of their lives, including * universalist (favoring rules, laws, and generalizations) and particularist (favoring exceptions, relations, and contextual evaluation) * specificity (preferring explicit definitions, breaking down wholes into component parts, and measurable results) and diffuseness (focusing on patterns, the big picture, and process over outcome) * inner direction (sees honor in individuals who strive to realize their conscious purpose) and outer direction (where virtue is outside each of us in natural rhythms, nature, beauty, and relationships) * synchronous time (cyclical and spiraling) and sequential time (linear and unidirectional). 5 When we dont understand that others may have quite different starting points, conflict is more likely to occur and to escalate. thus far though the starting points themselves are neutral, negative motives are easily attributed to someone who begins from a different end of the continuum. 6For example, when First Nations people sit down with government representatives to negotiate land claims in Canada or Australia, different ideas of time may make it difficult to establ ish rapport and make progress. First Nations people tend to see time as stretching forward and back, binding them in relationship with seven generations in both directions. Their actions and choices in the present are thus relevant to history and to their progeny.Government negotiators acculturated to Western European ideas of time may find the telling of historical tales and the consideration of projections generations into the future tedious and irrelevant unless they understand the variations in the way time is understood by First Nations people. Of course, this example draws on generalizations that may or may not apply in a particular situation. There are many different aboriginal peoples in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the United States, and elsewhere. Each has a distinct culture, and these cultures have different relationships to time, different ideas about negotiation, and unique identities. Government negotiators may also have a range of ethno cultural identities, and ma y not fit the stereotype of the woman or man in a hurry, with a measured, pressured orientation toward time.Examples can also be drawn from the other three dimensions identified by Hampden-Turner and Trompenaars. When an intractable conflict has been current for years or even generations, should there be recourse to international standards and interveners, or local rules and practices? Those favoring a universalist starting point are more likely to prefer international intervention and the backcloth of international standards. Particularlists will be more comfortable with a tailor-made, home-grown approach than with the imposition of general rules that may or may not fit their needs and context. Specificity and diffuseness also lead to conflict and conflict escalation in many instances.People, who speak in specifics, looking for practical solutions to challenges that can be implemented and measured, may find those who focus on process, feelings, and the big picture obstructionist and frustrating. On the other hand, those whose starting points are diffuse are more apt to catch the flaw in the sum that is not easy to detect by looking at the component parts, and to see the context into which specific ideas must fit. Inner-directed people tend to feel confident that they can affect change, believing that they are the masters of their fate, the captains of their souls. They focus more on product than process. Imagine their frustration when faced with outer-directed people, whose attention goes to nurturing relationships, living in harmony with nature, exit with the flow, and paying attention to processes rather than products.As with each of the above sets of starting points, neither is right or wrong they are simply different. A focus on process is helpful, but not if it completely fails to trim outcomes. A focus on outcomes is useful, but it is also important to monitor the tone and direction of the process. Cultural fluency means being aware of different set s of starting points, and having a way to speak in both dialects, helping translate between them when they are making conflict worse. This can be done by storytelling and by the creation of shared stories, stories that are co-constructed to make room for multiple points of view at bottom them. Often, people in conflict tell stories that sound as though both cannot be true.Narrative conflict-resolution approaches help them leave their concern with truth and being right on the sideline for a time, turning their attention instead to stories in which they can both see themselves. Another way to explore meaning making is through metaphors. Metaphors are compact, tightly packaged word pictures that convey a great deal of information in shorthand form. For example, in exploring how a conflict began, one side may talk about its origins being buried in the mists of time before there were boundaries and roads and written laws. The other may see it as the offspring of a vexatious lawsuit begu n in 1946. Neither is wrong the issue may well have deep roots, and the lawsuit was surely a part of the evolution of the conflict.As the two sides talk about their metaphors, the more diffuse starting point wrapped up in the mists of time meets the more specific one, attached to a particular legal action. As the two talk, they deepen their intellectual of each other in context, and learn more about their respective roles and identities. In collectivist settings, the pursuit values tend to be privileged * cooperation * filial piety (respect for and deference toward elders) * participation in shared progress * reputation of the group * interdependence In individualist settings, the following values tend to be privileged * competition * independence * individual achievement * personal growth and fulfillment * self-relianceWhen individualist and communitarian starting points influence those on either side of a conflict, escalation may result. Individualists may see no chore with no holds barred confrontation, while communitarian counterparts shrink from bringing dishonor or face-loss to their group by behaving in unseemly ways. In the end, one should remember that, as with other patterns described, most people are not purely individualistor communitarian. Rather, people tend to have individualist or communitarian starting points, depending on ones upbringing, experience, and the context of the situation. Conclusion There is no one-size-fits-all approach to conflict resolution, since culture is always a factor.Cultural fluency is therefore a core competency for those who intervene in conflicts or simply want to decease more effectively in their own lives and situations. Cultural fluency involves recognizing and acting respectfully from the knowledge that communication, ways of naming, framing, and taming conflict, approaches to meaning-making, and identities and roles vary across cultures. LITERATYRE John Paul Lederach, in his book Conflict Transformation Acr oss Cultures http//www. preventelderabuse. org/issues/culture. hypertext markup language http//culture360. org/magazine/role-of-culture-in-society-asian-perspectives-and-european-experiences/ http//www. lindsay-sherwin. co. uk/guide_managing_change/html_overview/05_culture_handy. htm

Twelve Angry Men

According to move up, the dialog box brass is flawed dispute uprise Kealy A board is a body of citizenry who are sworn to give a verdict in a legal case on the choicer of evidence submitted to them. This is sh avow and demonstrated in the suffer, cardinal choleric custody, written by Reginald lift. However, in the range, the jury arranging can be seen as flawed and imperfect. The recesss in the play are displayed by the twelve juries that were selected to roleplay the case presented.The lack of knowledge, disfavor and the disposition hites are all examples of the flaws in the jury strategy that are shown in the Twelve violent Men. Rose was able to express that in the play During the play Twelve Angry Men, Rose finds the flaws in the personality chosen for the jury case. Rose demonstrates to the audience that the 12 jurywoman members substantiate very unlike personalties which in roughly circumstances work together but almost of the time they create incide nces and commotion. The personality clashes are mostly seen between the tertiary juror and the 8th juror God damn itIll toss off him Ill kill him and Shut up, you son of a bitch shows the tension, suspense and fury between these cardinal jurors. The two jurors are a huge part in the play and it is their personalities that clash the most. The tension however is non just shown between these two jurors. Do you know youre a nervous man? who the hell is he to tell me that? is examples from the 9th and 10th jurors. These remarks are shew throughout the play and stress the immenseness of needing to work together.Rose is able to usher out the flaws in the jury system by not having each juror analysed before the case to learn their personalties and traits. These incidents however can relate and tat with the prejudice and unlikeness frame in the jury rooms. In Twelve Angry Men, Rose highlights the authorization flaws that can be prime in the jury system, where prejudice in terferes and the pursuit of justice. This is shown mostly by the third Juror in his unwillingness to change his initial ill-doingy verdict and the manner in which he characterises, kids owadays. Angry Hostile . This view is held because the 3rd Juror relates to his troubled and tense kind with his son as it corresponds to the defendants relationship with his father. It is displayed that the 3rd juror wants to penalise the young boy for the pain that the jurors on pain put on him. The 3rd juror isnt air for the facts or details of the case, he is just acting on his own emotions. This then leads to a fault in the jury system as the personality of one jury impacts the ability for the jurors to make a logical verdict on the case.The 10th juror also makes some assumptions in deciding the boys guilt or innocence rather than looking at the actually facts. Its those people Im tellin you they let the kids run around the bend up there. Well, maybe it serves em right In the play, Rose w as able to point out that the flaws of the jury system and that not knowing the twelve people chosen can get out in prejudiced and discrimination and not the truth that surrounds the case and defendant. In Twelve Angry Men, Rose highlights the importance of knowing and disposition the jury system and what it involves.There is a range of different jurors who have different knowledge and expectations of what is judge of the jury room and role. I never knew they locked the door is a prime example of the awareness and acumen of the jury system. Whereas Juror 11, the immigrant watchmaker seemed to be more interested and mesmerized by the juror system then those who are from America. I dont believe I have to be loyal to one aspect or the other demonstrates the 11th jurors judgement and appreciation for the system and the case.Rose is able to explain the importance of understanding and the importance of the jury system and the case that is presented in antecedent of the 12 jurors. According to Rose, the jury system is flawed and this can be demonstrated through the play of Twelve Angry Men. The play is based around the personality clashes of each of the jurors, the prejudiced and discrimination found by some of the men and the lack of knowledge and interest in the jury system by all the jurors. All these moderate to a jury system that can be seen as amiss(p) and imperfect by Rose.Twelve Angry MenAccording to Rose, the jury system is flawed discuss Rose Kealy A jury is a body of people who are sworn to give a verdict in a legal case on the basis of evidence submitted to them. This is shown and demonstrated in the play, Twelve Angry men, written by Reginald Rose. However, in the play, the jury system can be seen as flawed and imperfect. The faults in the play are displayed by the twelve juries that were selected to represent the case presented.The lack of knowledge, prejudice and the personality clashes are all examples of the flaws in the jury system that ar e shown in the Twelve Angry Men. Rose was able to express that in the play During the play Twelve Angry Men, Rose finds the flaws in the personality chosen for the jury case. Rose demonstrates to the audience that the 12 juror members have very different personalties which in some circumstances work together but most of the time they create incidences and commotion. The personality clashes are mostly seen between the 3rd juror and the 8th juror God damn itIll kill him Ill kill him and Shut up, you son of a bitch shows the tension, suspense and displeasure between these two jurors. The two jurors are a huge part in the play and it is their personalities that clash the most. The tension however is not just shown between these two jurors. Do you know youre a sick man? who the hell is he to tell me that? is examples from the 9th and 10th jurors. These remarks are found throughout the play and underline the importance of needing to work together.Rose is able to point out the flaws in the jury system by not having each juror analysed before the case to learn their personalties and traits. These incidents however can relate and intertwine with the prejudice and discrimination found in the jury rooms. In Twelve Angry Men, Rose highlights the potential flaws that can be found in the jury system, where prejudice interferes and the pursuit of justice. This is shown mostly by the 3rd Juror in his unwillingness to change his initial guilty verdict and the manner in which he characterises, kids owadays. Angry Hostile . This view is held because the 3rd Juror relates to his troubled and tense relationship with his son as it corresponds to the defendants relationship with his father. It is displayed that the 3rd juror wants to punish the young boy for the pain that the jurors on pain put on him. The 3rd juror isnt look for the facts or details of the case, he is just acting on his own emotions. This then leads to a fault in the jury system as the personality of one jury im pacts the ability for the jurors to make a logical verdict on the case.The 10th juror also makes some assumptions in deciding the boys guilt or innocence rather than looking at the actually facts. Its those people Im tellin you they let the kids run wild up there. Well, maybe it serves em right In the play, Rose was able to point out that the flaws of the jury system and that not knowing the twelve people chosen can result in prejudiced and discrimination and not the truth that surrounds the case and defendant. In Twelve Angry Men, Rose highlights the importance of knowing and understanding the jury system and what it involves.There is a range of different jurors who have different knowledge and expectations of what is expected of the jury room and role. I never knew they locked the door is a prime example of the awareness and insight of the jury system. Whereas Juror 11, the immigrant watchmaker seemed to be more interested and fascinated by the juror system then those who are fro m America. I dont believe I have to be loyal to one side or the other demonstrates the 11th jurors judgement and appreciation for the system and the case.Rose is able to explain the importance of understanding and the importance of the jury system and the case that is presented in front of the 12 jurors. According to Rose, the jury system is flawed and this can be demonstrated through the play of Twelve Angry Men. The play is based around the personality clashes of each of the jurors, the prejudiced and discrimination found by some of the men and the lack of knowledge and interest in the jury system by all the jurors. All these contribute to a jury system that can be seen as faulty and imperfect by Rose.