The Proposed Visiting Centre At Elkhorn Slough Environmental Sciences Essay

The Proposed Visiting Centre At Elkhorn slough environmental Sciences EssayElkhorn moult has a visitors union that pointes on the conservation of native resources and biological history of the atomic number 18a. The Strategic Plan for 2006-10 (Elkhorn Slough Foundation ESF, 2006) has an documental to increase membership and be of visitors but laments the limited capacity of the lively meat. It is therefore necessary to build a novel focalize to put up for the increased membership and visitors.Global Information Systems GIS analysis methods were active to crumble the environmental sensitivity issues of the Slough res publica and subsequently make up a proposed visitors fondness. The peeled Visitors Centre will complement the existing one, but focus on stimulating visitors interests in the terrain ( animal(prenominal) geography) of the Slough subject field. The tender visiting reduce will be located north of pudding stone Road.Keywords Boolean maps, environmenta l sensitivity, GIS, Suitability, Visitors rivetIntroductionLocated 1.29x 103 m south of Watsonville approximately 36 20 18.72N, 121 31 17.17W, Elkhorn Slough is the drainage delta for Salinas River and its tributaries in the surrounding farmlands (Cartier, 2009). Its pissshed is an impressive 1.23108 m2 and is part of a larger ne iirk of estuaries. urines from Gabilan and Moro Cojo watersheds drain into the Elkhorn Slough through the Old Salinas River Channel at Moss arrive South toy with (EFS, 2010).Totalling an area of 4x 10 m2, the estuary is a tidal, coastal flavor marsh.The estuary is home to 780 species of birds, a variety of plants, including several that are slowly becoming extinct (EFS, 2010). Elkhorn Slough consists of 1.09x107m2 of unique home ground types. (ESNERR, unpublished info) and has 2.83 x 107 m2 designated protect lands.The Elkhorn Slough has a visitors centre that concent range on the vivid history of the slough area. Activities at the centre include show-casing the unique plant and animal life, birds as well as marine life of the watershed. It has an educational theme which foc engages on the conservation of the resources and innate history of the slough area.The Strategic Plan for 2006-10 (Elkhorn Slough Foundation ESF, 2006) clip out to increase membership and returns of visitors to Elkhorn Slough area. However, the document far-famed the limited capacity of the existing centre to cater for increased numbers of visitors to the area.As a compliment to the existing centre, it is proposed that the establishment of a aid visiting site would be appropriate in trying to chance the objective of increasing membership at the foundation thus boosting the number of visitors to the area. The concept for the new centre will focus on physical surroundings of the estuary and stimulate the local community and visitors interests in the historical and modern-day geography (terrain) of the Slough area. The centre will include an enviro nment or conservation theme that will hopefully stimulate sustainable utilization of natural resources in the area, especially for the local community.GIS techniques will be employed to site the perspective of the proposed second visitors centre at Elkhorn Slough.Literature revue2.1 Location and History of Elkhorn SloughLocated at the midpoint of Monterey Bay, on the west cost of America, Elkhorn Slough is a large tidal salt marsh estuary in central California. Figure 1 below shows the fix of Elkhorn Slough.Figure 1 Location of Elkhorn Slough (ESF, 2010)The estuary is referred to as a coastal em bespeakment and consists of deepwater habitats with intertidal wetlands. It is the remnant of an ancient river flooded at the last sea direct rise (EPA, 2010) that has been filled with sediment from the surrounding area.An artificial fountain to the Monterey Bay was constructed in 1947 exposing the Elkhorn Slough estuary to increased tidal exchange (ESF, 2010). The fens were likewis e artificially drained to make way for the farmlands (ESF, 2010). This has vastly altered the natural flow of the estuary and changed the physical properties of the slough.2.2 Environmental SensitivityThe changes to the physical properties of the area switch raised several environmental issues. The most important issues in the estuary are contamination water quality degradation invasive plant species and hydrology alterations (Cartier, 2009). Brackish water habitats wipe out been lost overdue to the redirection of water from the Salinas into the farmlands. Channel bank erosion rates ranging from 310-1 to 6.110-1 m per year and interior marsh dieback rates of at to the lowest degree 1.22x 104 m2 per year move over led to marsh and habitat loss (ESF, 2010). These changes have affected the estuarys animals and plants habitat, as well as public access sites and squeeze and road infrastructure.There are 2.83107 m2 of protected lands in the Elkhorn Slough watershed. The estuary is in addition an important fish (recreational and commercial) nursery and prime stopover for migratory birds (ESF, 2010). The Moss Landing Power Plant at the mouth of the slough at bay end alike lends to the sensitivity of the area (ESF, 2010).As a tax to conserve the area, the ESF was established in 1982 by the Elkhorn Slough National estuarine Research Reserve ESNERR. In 2006, the Foundation noted that the capacity of the visitors centre to meet the needs of increased number of members was limited. As such, one of the strategic objectives for 2006-10 was to increase membership and numbers of visitors to the area.It is against this background that a new visitors centre is proposed to cater for increased membership and to stimulate interests in physical geography, support sustainable use of estuarine resources.Methodology and Data Processing tally to Sahoo et al (2000), GIS provides ample opportunity for reasoned land rating. GIS are bustling methods and tools use by finis-mak ers to address and cope with uncertainty in decision-making where there are environmental sensitivity concerns.GIS info processing and spatial analysis are use to define the location of a proposed phylogeny. This method along with modern decision analysis techniques nominate be used to meliorate habitat suitability evaluation over large areas (Store and Kangas, 2000). Analysis methods include investigations into approachability, location, environmental sensitivity of the area as well as location-specific hazards.In environmental studies, several factors are taken into account when deciding where to locate a new development. One of the most common approaches for locating new developments is Multi-Criteria Analysis MCA (Sahoo et al, 2000).Employing the MCA technique, a mask is created and used as the extent of analysis. Raster calculations whoremonger be used to create Boolean maps (graphic representation of binary equivalence whereby 0 = no data, 1 = data present) that simpli fy the data to the contract criteria. Threshold values are then employed to simplify the decision making process into whether certain feature data tin can be included or excluded from the final choice of location.Areas are included or excluded based on environmental sensitivity. For example, the United Kingdoms UK Environment Agency recommends that protected areas remain free of development (Environment Agency, 2010).According to the UKs Highways Agency no development shall take place within, on average 300 m of a busy road (rank-1). This is to create a buffer for noise pollution given that heavy goods vehicles can be very noisy at confining proximity (Environment Agency, 2010). Similarly, distance of particularisetlements from roads is important for easy accessibility reasons.A further factor to exclude from the model is areas that contain plant life be movement some areas sink due to diking and draining (ESF, 2010). Woodlands and marshlands lend diversity to the habitat and t herefore have conservational importance. They are thus inharmonious for building/development. Similarly, bob up water areas are unsuitable for development due to likelihood to cause pollution in areas such as the estuary (ESF, 2010).Based on excision of environmentally sensitive areas, raster calculations are performed utilise the Boolean logic. Therefore, the remaining area is the potential location of the proposed development.4 Data AnalysisData used was originally obtained from the Elkhorn Slough website and the projection is UTM Zone 10N, WGS84 datum. In addition to the GIS data supplied, a digital elevation model DEM data of the area was obtained from the SRTM data on Google Earth GE. The data was re-projected with Global Mapper to overlay the two data sets in ArcGIS. The DEM was used to visualise the terrain of the area and guide decision-making on the suitability of the terrain for the proposed development. Other sources of data included available maps and literature on t he area in question. The data used is illustrated in Figure 2 below.Figure 2 Original data used (ESF, 2010)ArcGIS 9.3 was used for data processing. All data was adjusted to cell size 50, with each pel on the resultant Boolean maps being 50 m long.5 FindingsAs outlined in section 4 above, environmental organisations, such as the UKs Environment Agency, Figure 3 below shows the raster of the protected area that is excluded in the final calculation.Figure 3 Protected Area development data on the road network of the Elkhorn Slough area, Figure 4 below shows the buffer created around the busy roads rank-1 which are unsuitable for locating the new visitors centre. The light-shaded areas are, theoretically, suitable for locating the centre.Figure 4 caramel Zone around Rank-1 RoadsTaking into consideration data on the vegetation in the Elkhorn Slough area which requires exclusion from the analysis due to diking and draining for cultivation, Figure 5 below shows that the new visitors centr e can be located in the light-shaded areas. The dark-shaded areas have conservational importance for the wood and marshland species.Figure 5 Vegetation areasSurface water areas are as well as excluded from possible location of the new development due to likelihood of water pollution, as shown in Figure 6 below.Figure 6 Water AreasThe wetlands area was also excluded from the possible location of the centre because these areas are cognise for their ecological diversity. Vast numbers of birds and plants as well as micro-organisms (mud species) would be in this area. Figure 7 below shows the wetlands areas of the Elkhorn Slough which was also excluded as potential areas for locating the new visitors centre.Figure 7 Wetland areasAn elevation of 40 to 195m was chosen as the optimal height above sea level for the development. The elevation is considered suitable to facilitate transport logistics of building materials. The elevation also takes into consideration the tidal nature of the ar ea to ensure that the new visitors centre is protected from any possible tidal effects.Applying the necessary measurements and raster calculations leaves the areas that are potentially suitable for siting the new centre as illustrated in Figure 8 below.Figure 8 Optimal Elevation for New Development other important consideration was the distance to roads for ease of accessibility to the new centre by visitors. This is illustrated in Figure 9 below.Figure 9 Distances to roadsFigure10 below shows the final results excluding environmental sensitive features and measurements.Figure 10 Location of Visitors CentreCorroborating the Boolean logic with Google Earth, the second visitors centre can theoretically be sited at a location north of Empire Road.LimitationsThree areas with data on the resultant Boolean map harmonise the criteria defined. Potentially, these are the locations for the new visitors centre. However on closer inspection by overlaying with data on the road network, an area between Elkhorn and Dolan rank 1 roads close to Empire Road remains after further scrutiny using GE. Using this database imagery, the proposed site is just outside a forested area. all important(p) information is absent from the analysis above. For example, information was miss on the location of current buildings on which the proposed site cannot be located. Information was also missing on the heaviness of traffic at different times to best(p) estimate the buffering distance of the rank-1 roads (assuming they are asphalt). Other information missing was on tidal range and volume of the coastal zone with the bid high flood risk.Therefore, given that the data available for this analysis was not entirely straight forward rendering the proposed location of the new visitors centre tentative. Digital Terrain Models (DTM) by using Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) technology to obtain more get along and accurate surface data. Had data been more complete and accurate, the positioning of the centre would be more conclusive without the need to use a further data source.This analysis shows that although data processing and bundle can sometimes be expensive, GIS methods can conclusively be used in defining areas for development, and are quicker than traditional methods of exploration of new areas. (Store and Kangas, 2000).Conclusion and RecommendationsAvailable data shows that the proposed location of the new visitors centre is close to Empire Road. Due to incomplete data, the proposed location of the second visitors centre is tentative. The evaluation has highlighted the need to have a more conclusive data set to avoid the need for re-projection from other sources, which may cause inaccuracies in positioning.

Information Security Using Cryptography Information Technology Essay

Information Security Using cryptograph Information Technology EssayThis paper aims to stick out a f be review of Information trade treasureion and steganography, Information credential centre defend discipline and teaching systems from un certain pull back to (PROXY SERVERS), employ, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction. Goernments, military, financial institutions, hospitals, and snobbish businesses amass a great deal of cloak-and-dagger reading or so their employees, customers, harvest-tides, research, and financial status. defend confidential culture is a business dealment, and in m all cases as well an ethical and legal requirement.SECURITY in this contemporary scenarios has become a more(prenominal) sensible issue either it whitethorn be in the REAL WORLD or in the CYBER WORLD. In the real area as opposed to the cyber world an flak catcher is practic altogethery preceded by training gathering. This is also true in the cyber world. Here the ruffianly guys are referred to as intruders, hackers, hijackers, etc. The intruders would first gear have a birds-eye view of the victims net do break down and then start digging the holes. One of the system for protecting information from hackers is CryptographyCryptography defined as the intelligence and study of secret writing, concerns the ways in which communications and data evict be encoded to prevent disclosure of their contents through pass on interception, victimization codes autographs and a nonher(prenominal) methods, so that wholly certain people nominate bump the real pass on. encoding transfigures original information, called plain schoolbookbook, into transform information, called consider text, code text or simply cipher, which usually has the appearance of random, turbid data. Encryption provides confidentiality, oneness and authenticity of the information transferred from A to B.INTRODUCTIONThe objective of this paper is to provide the r eader with an insight into recent developments in the field of secret writing. Cryptography was utilise as a tool to protect national secrets and strategies. The proliferation of information processing systems and communications systems in the 1960s brought with it a demand from the private sector for intend to protect information in digital form and to provide hallmark attends. DES, the entropy Encryption Standard, is the most well- concern outn cryptologic mechanism. It remains the standard means for securing electronic commerce for many financial institutions around the world. The most strike development in the history of cryptography came in 1976 when Diffie and Hellmann troubleed new-fashioned Directions in Cryptography. The word cryptography comes from a Greek word which means hidden or secret. It is considered as a miraculous boon that go out solve all the calculator surety measure problems. It is also referred to as knowledge of secret writing. The objectiv e is to provide guarantor to the appropriate layer among the seven layers of nedeucerking infrastructure. This topic thunder mug be dealt mathematically also. But our focus is on cyber applications and its vitality. While cryptographers work on inventing clever secret codes, cryptanalysts attempt to ascertain these codes. Cryptology encompasses both the subjects. Symantec is launching Norton 360 in India, an online digital security solutions service that could be paid for on basis of actual usage. The company which has conf employ products to provide information security and retrieval of telld information, is also now into providing a regulatory compliances services. This is a sentence published in the famous report The HINDU .This is anexcellent evidence to support the sentence Ne twainrk security is extremely essential.Two entities A and B wish to work over a serious network . just now an intruder interrupts and shares their secrets without their knowledge. straight cryp tography has the powerfulness to unhorse information between entities in a way that prevents others from practice session it. For instance If the original contentedness was GIVE TWO MILLION he would have encoded the message with SHIFT BY 3 and so the message would now be JLYHWZRPLOORQ which is obviously in an unreadable format unless you know the method of deciphering.BASIC PRINCIPLESKey conceptsFor over twenty years information security has held that confidentiality, law and availability (known as the CIA Triad) are the core principles of information security.CIA TRAIDConfidentialityConfidentiality is a requisite for maintaining the privacy of the people whose personal information the government holds. Information that is considered to be confidential in nature essential only be accessed, physical exercised, copied, or disclosed by persons who have been authorized to access, white plague, copy, or disclose the information, and then only when there is a genuine indispensa bility to access, use, copy or disclose the information.A breach of confidentiality occurs when information that is considered to be confidential in nature has been, or may have been, accessed, use, copied, or disclosed to, or by, someone who was not authorized to have access to the information.IntegrityIn information security, integrity means that data can not be created, changed, or deleted without authorization. A loss of integrity occurs when an employee accidentally, or with malicious intent, deletes big data files. A loss of integrity can occur if a computer virus is released onto the computer. A loss of integrity can occur when an on-line shopper is able to change the price of the product they are purchasing.AvailabilityThe concept of availability means that the information, the computing systems apply to edge the information, and the security controls used to protect the information are all available and give outing correctly when the information is require.Defense in reasonablenessDuring its life time, information may pass through many distinguishable parts of information processing systems. There are many unalike ways the information and information systems can be threatened. To fully protect the information during its lifetime, each component of the information processing system must have its own protection mechanisms.The building up, layering on and overlapping of security measures is called defense in prescience. Additional insight into defense in depth can be gained by thinking of it as forming the layers of an onion, with data at the core of the onion, people as the outer layer of the onion, and network security, host-based security and applications security forming the inner layers of the onionCRYPTOGRAPHYOVERVIEWSecurity ConcernsSecurity Attacks geological faultInterceptionModification finesseMethods of defenseEncryptionSoftware ControlsHardware Controls somatic ControlsEncryptionCryptographyCryptanalysisEncryption algorithm typesAsym metric trigonalCryptographic AlgorithmsSecret detectPublic primordialHash diesHistory-Caesar cipherA unsubdivided substitution cipherPolyalphabetic substitution exampleUses of encodingApplications of cryptographySecurity ConcernsUnauthorized access to resources.Masquerade as authorized user or endsystem.E-mail forgery.Malicious attacks.Monitoring and overhear of network traffic.Exploitation of software bugsContributing FactorsIncreased Internet useHome broadband,Greater coverage (wired and wireless)More ubiquitous on-line useEducation,Business,Games,ShoppingLack of awareness of threats and risks.Wide-open network policies.Un enrolled network traffic. complexity of security measurements andadministration.Software bugs.Availability of cracking tools.Security AttacksInterruption This is an attack onAvailability.Interception This is an attack onconfidentiality.Modification This is an attack onintegrity.Fabrication This is an attack onauthenticity.Methods of defenseEncryption Encr yption is get wind change technology to implement computer security.Information security uses cryptography to transform usable information into a form that renders it unusable by anyone other than an authorized user this process is called encryption. Information that has been encrypted (rendered unusable) can be transformed back into its original usable form by an authorized user, who possesses the cryptanalytic let on, through the process of traceion. Cryptography is used in information security to protect information from unauthorized or accidental discloser while the information is in transit (either electronically or physically) and while information is in storageCryptography can introduce security problems when it is not utilize correctly. The length and strength of the encryption tonality is also an important consideration. A headstone that is weak or too short will gravel weak encryption. The come upons used for encryption and decipherment must be protect with the same degree of rigor as any other confidential information.What is cryptography?Cryptography is the science of using mathematics to encrypt and decrypt data. Cryptography enables you to store sensitive information or transmit it across insecure net whole kit and caboodle (like the Internet) so that it cannot be read by anyone except the think recipient.While cryptography is the science of securing data, coding is the science of analyzing and breaking secure communication.Cryptology embraces both cryptography and cryptanalysis.Strong cryptographyThere are two kinds of cryptography in this world cryptography that will shutdown your kid sister from reading your files, and cryptography that will stop study governments from reading your files.Cryptographic strength is measured in the time and resources it would require to recover the plaintext. The result of strong cryptography is cipher text that is truly difficult to decipher without possession of the appropriate decoding tool.H ow does cryptography work?A cryptographic algorithm, or cipher, is a mathematical function used in the encryption and decryption process. A cryptographic algorithm works in combination with a key-a word, design, or phrase-to encrypt the plaintext. The same plaintext encrypts to divers(prenominal) cipher text with divers(prenominal) keys. The security of encrypted data is entirely mutualist on two things the strength of the cryptographic algorithm and the secrecy of the key. A cryptographic algorithm, plus all possible keys and all the protocols that make it work comprise a cryptosystem.Conventional cryptographyIn conventional cryptography, also called secret-key or symmetric-key encryption, one key is used both for encryption and decryption.Encryption and decryptionData that can be read and understood without any special measures is called plaintext or clear text. The method of disguising plaintext in such a way as to hide its substance is called encryption. Encrypting plaintex t results in unreadable gibber called cipher text. You use encryption to ensure that information is hidden from anyone for whom it is not intended, even those who can see the encrypted data. The process of reverting cipher text to its original plaintext is called decryption.This could be illustrated using the following diagram001010010111001100101001011001001011100100101Encryption and decryptionWhy Cryptography?Concerned with developing algorithms which may be used toConceal the context of some message from all except the transmitter and recipient (privacy or secrecy), and/orVerify the correctness of a message to the recipient (authentication)Forms the basis of many technological solutions to computer and communications security problemsElements of cryptographyIn cryptographic terminology, the message is called plaintext or clear text. encode the contents of the message in such a way that hides its contents from outsiders is called encryption.A method of encryption and decryption is called a cipher The make water cipher originates from the Hebrew word Saphar, meaning to number.The encrypted message is called the cipher text.The process of retrieving the plaintext from the cipher text is called decryption.Encryption and decryption usually make use of a key, and the coding method is such that decryption can be performed only by knowing the proper key.CryptanalysisThe study of principles and methods of transforming an unintelligible message back into an intelligible message without knowledge of the key is called Cryptanalysis. as well called code breaking sometimes.Whereas people who do cryptography are cryptographers and practitioners of cryptanalysis are cryptanalysts.CryptologyCryptology is the branch of mathematics that studies the mathematical foundations of cryptographic methods.Cryptology comes from the Greek words Krypton, meaning hidden, and Graphen, meaning to write. Cryptology is in reality the study of codes and ciphers.Cryptology = both cryptogr aphy and cryptanalysis.The KeyAll unexampled algorithms use a key to control encryption and decryption a message can be decrypted only if the key matches the encryption key.The key used for decryption can be different from the encryption key, but for most algorithms they are the same.Encryption Algorithm Types There are two classes of key-based algorithmsSymmetric (or secret-key)Asymmetric (or public-key) algorithmsThe difference is that symmetric algorithms use the same key for encryption and decryption (or the decryption key is easily derived from the encryption key), whereas unsymmetrical algorithms use a different key for encryption and decryption, and the decryption key cannot be derived from the encryption key.Asymmetric Algorithms public keyPublic key cryptography is an asymmetric scheme that uses a pair of keys for encryption a public key, which encrypts data, and a corresponding private, or secret key for decryption. You publish your public key to the world while keeping your private key secret. eitherone with a copy of your public key can then encrypt information that only you can read. Even people you have neer met.It is computationally infeasible to deduce the private key from the public key. Any one who has a public key can encrypt the information but cannot decrypt it. Only the person who has the corresponding private key can decrypt the information. The primary benefit of public key cryptography is that it allows people who have no preexisting security arrangement to fill in messages securely. The need for sender and receiver to share secret keys via some secure channel is eliminated all communications involve only public keys, and no private key is ever transmitted or shared.Public key algorithmSymmetric AlgorithmsSymmetric algorithms can be divided into two categories (1) stream ciphers and (2) block ciphers.Stream ciphers can encrypt a star bit/byte of plaintext at a time, whereas Block ciphers detract a number of bits (typically 64 b its in modern ciphers), and encrypt them as a single unit.Secret key and Public keyHash functionsAn improvement on the above scheme is the addition of a one-way hash function in the process. A one-way hash function takes variable-length input-in this case, a message of any length, even thousands or millions of bits-and produces a fixed-length output say, 160-bits. The hash function ensures that, if the information is changed in any way-even by just one bit-an entirely different output value is produced.As long as a secure hash function is used, there is no way to take someones signature from one document and attach it to another, or to alter a signed message in any way. The slightest change in a signed document will cause the digital signature stop process to fail.Hash FunctionsHistory Caesar CipherJulius Caesar used a simple alphabet (letter) substitution, offset by 3 letters.Taking the word cipher you would move ahead in the alphabet 3 letters to get FLSKHU.c =3 3+3 = 6 Fi =9 9+3 = 12 Lp =16 16+3 = 19 Sh =8 8+3 = 11 Ke =5 5+3 = 8 Hr =18 18+3= 21 UThis worked for a while, until more people learned to read and analyze his secret cipher.A Simple Substitution CipherPlaintextabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzQIAYMWFUBKPDGJZSOCVLXNETRHCipher textPolyalphabetic Substitution ExampleSuppose that a polyalphabetic cipher of period 3 is being used, with the collar monoalphabetic ciphers M1, M2, M3 as defined below. To encrypt a message, the first 3 letters of the plaintext are enciphered according to ciphers M1, M2, M3 respectively, with the process being repeat for each subsequent block of 3 plaintext letters.a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y zM1 K D N H P A W X C Z I M Q J B Y E T U G V R F O S LM2 P A G U K H J B Y D S O E M Q N W F Z I T C V L X RM3 J M F Z R N L D O W G I A K E S U C Q V H Y X T P BPlaintextNow is the time for every good manCiphertextJCQ CZ VXK VCER AQC PCRTX LBQZ QPKNoteThe two os in good have been enciphered as different l etters. Also the three letters X in the cipher text represent different letters in the plaintextUses of Encryption Protecting data from prying look is not the only security issue in networking.One can imagine at least four security servicesProtecting data from being read by unauthorized personsVerifying the sender of each message (authentication)Preventing unauthorized persons from inserting or deleting messagesMaking it possible for users to send signed documents electronicallyApplications of cryptographyDigital signatures have many applications in information security, including authentication, data integrity, and non-repudiation. One of the most significant applications of digital signatures is the certification of public keys in large networks. Certification is a means for a trusted third party (TTP) to bind the identity of a user to a public key, so that at some later time, other entities can authenticate a public key without assistance from a trusted third partyThere is a lot of information that we dont want other people to see. This can be achieved by cryptography such asCredit card informationPrivate arrangementSocial security numbersPersonal detailsSensitive company informationCONCLUSIONThus Information security measures are needed to protect data from hackers, when it is transmitted between terminal user and computer and between computer and computer and it is also necessary to protect the computer system when there is an attack of virus. The capability of security enabled components still lags slow the claims. Everyone has a different idea of what security is, and what levels of risk are acceptable. Its important to build systems and networks in such a way that the user is not constantly reminded of the security system around him. As and when new security methods are developed, breaking of these methods has increased. So measures have to be taken to fill the loopholes, of which cryptography has and is playing a major role. Cryptography is evergre en and developments in this area are a better option.Basic security challenges in the corporate realm are not yet completely addressed. thus far the cumbersome combats devised against each of the security fissures, yet the cyber MAVERICKS all around the world are succeeding in their ways of perdition. This was quite evident from the E-attacks on BARC server post-September11th cyber attacks on FBI sites where even sophisticated surveillance systems couldnt come to their rescue. A case in point is that, E-ATTACKS are becoming notoriously one and only(prenominal) as compared with the traditional nuke-wars. Consequently, in the quench of thirst for more and more secured systems BIOMETRICS SYSTEM, QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY and many more are innovatively being apply at a cumulative pace.

The History Of Manufactured Bicycles Economics Essay

The History Of Manufactured wheels sparings EssayBrompton Bicycle is acycles/second settler based inBrentford,capital of the unit of measuremented Kingdom, in the united Kingdom and largest volume bicycle manufacturer in Britain by Andrew Ritchie in 1976. Models ar named using a code containing devil letters either side of a derive to describe the handle bar role, matter of gears and reckony attached fixtures. An optional suffix is appended to show the inclusion of si upgrades. In Britain the clubs membership is changing, with 35-40% of Brompton nodes straight women. The aver advance turn onrs age has as well as dropped down the stairs 40. Its getting pro adequate in uk .Brompton Bicycle is aBritish accompany that specialises in fold bicycles, comm however know as Bromptons. Bromptons be frequent amongbicycle commuters, especi all last(predicate)y in the UK, theNetherlands, andJapan. Fast and partnership folding is seen as the Bromptons key competitive advantage. The Brompton design has remained fundamentally unchanged everyplace trey decades, although it has been steadily refined. The Brompton was conceived as a proceeds that increases dealsindependenceand vindicatedom,means peple drop use this cycle wherever they tolerate use. Approximately 22,000 bicycles be conjured by the company each family of which 70 percent atomic number 18 tradeed to asia and Europe. The compact dimensions of most folding cycles al belittled easy transport in worldly concern transport where breakling with a normal cycle per second dismiss be difficult or forbidden. We can this cycle in different hyphen handlebar like c type handlebar, m type handlebar, s type handlebar and p type handlebar.-http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brompton_Bicycle cuss ANALYSIS OF BROMPTON BICYCLEPolitical factorThe number of people cycling on Londons major roads has well-nigh doubled since 2000 and Transport for London (TfL) is targeting a 5% mode manage for cycling by 2025. South West Trains, part of Stagecoach Group, has conjugate forces with Brompton Bicycle in a bid to encourage passengers to cycle as part of a fully integrated low carbon jaunt combining oscillation and train. Every one like this bikes because it is efficient to ride but can be quickly folded into a bundle small than an average suitcase, so people can take wherever they like.Economic factorThough exports account for somewhat 75 per cent of its output, it continues to manufacture all of its bikes in the UK. Its getting profit here.Social factorBrompton bike got a award, Mr Ritchie, who was awarded the prize that recognizes a lifetime contribution to design, has spent 21 old age perfecting the Brompton, which is manufactured in Britain and sells around the world. At a reply celebrating 50 years of British design genius at Buckingham Palace. practiced factorWhen transporting a Brompton Bicycle, for instance by Plane, Train, Car or boat it would be beneficial to stir a cheer ive case-like harvest-festival that would protect from typical transit damage and be used to store the bike in any of its likely environss. in that location is a need for much(prenominal) a protective case to in like manner double as a fully functional bike trailer that go out attach to the seat of the bike and be used to transport light to centrist loads.-http//www.stagecoachgroup.com thrum ANALYSIS OF BROMPTON BICYCLEstrengthBrompton bicycle is Generallytravel freeand without booking restrictions on rail, bus, underground, ferry or air dos. Its that freedom to travel anywhere with your bike that clears folding bikes a magic quality. A folding bike can open up entirely rude(a) ways of travelling. Its buzz off many colour with extra tall frame to fit tall riders.From 1976, Brompton was in concern, although harvest-home was infuriatingly slow. Today, the Brompton Bicycle Ltd turns out 100 precision-crafted bikes a day from its cosy, familial factory in Kew.It sells th em in 27 world(prenominal) marketplaces, as well as servicing the needs of the 200,000 passionately dedicate Brompton users already on the road. Bromptons have been ridden fromLondontoCape Townand around theSouth Pole, but theyre at their most perfectly useful in an urban environment. Brompton is the last major manufacturer making bikes in London a true, two-wheeled, capital success story. It has succeeded, according to managing director Will Butler-Adams, by focusing on its roots.Brompton remains in London because the business is the module and the faculty atomic number 18 here. They cast off something fashionable. People like the Brompton because its fun and it fits into their lives. In London, the bike is moving from being an publication of personal choice to being a corporate and political city solution. On the corporate side, Brompton already leases a fleet of bikes to South West Trains at Waterloo, and Mr Butler-Adams has plans to try package deals including bikes, training, storage and insurance to opposite companies. Bromptons nearby neighbour in westbound London. The British Design Council, which annually awards the prize for the respective designers lifetime achievement, argued that the collapsible Brompton bike manufactured by the engineer in the UK and sold passim the world won for its lightness, portability, smoothness of ride, and the sense of freedom it bestows. Brompton Bicycle should produce 25,000 bikes this year, achieving gross sales of 7m- 8m, and Ritchie expects it to grow 25% a year under the lead of managing director Butler-Adams. Exports to markets much(prenominal) as the Netherlands, America, Germany, Japan and Scandinavia account for close to 60% of its sales.weakness All seat mainstays atomic number 18 available in both(prenominal) steel and aluminum versions. With the measuring seat pillar, the Brompton and Brooks saddles can be up to 995mm from the ground. If your inside leg is much than 33/84cm, you ordai n active certainly need either of the longer seat pillars the telescopic pillar is suitable for an inside leg of more than 35/89cm, or for a taller rider wishing to minimise the height of the folded bike. So for the shorter people it can be difficult for ride. Its not adjustable as other bigger cycle.The merits and drawbacks of small and large wheels alike can be argued into the late hours.OpportunitiesThe Brompton is the only bike in the world to combine such ready portability with a first-class ride, and it creates countless new opportunities for using a bicycle. Malcolm Shepherd, Chief executive director of Sustrans said Cycling England hasbeen a crucial conduit for funding which has touched the lives of millions of people by making it possible for people to cycle for everyday journeys. And Brompton bikes ar suitable for the every journey.Here are so many bike company competitor for the Brompton bikes. Alldays Onions, Bickerton- folding bikes. Boardman bikes, british eagle, claud bulter, dawes, etc.. bicycles are here. Like Brompton bickerton is all all everywherely a folding cycle. It can be a main competitor. TheBickerton, also called theBickerton Portable, was a portable, aluminiumfolding bicycledesigned by scourge Bickerton and manufactured in the UK between 1971 and 1991. The bicycle was entirely made of aluminium profiles. Its riding properties were poor, partly as the aluminium parts could never be properly locked in place. In its weight and folded package sizing it broke new groundand it is cited byAndrew Ritchieas one of his inspirations in creating the super successfulBrompton bicycle. So the Brompton is weaken than any cycle thats why70% Brompton bike are exporting to asia and Europe.ThreatsThe iconic UK folding bike maker Brompton is a peculiar(a) company. Though exports account for around 75 per cent of its output, it continues to manufacture all of its bikes in the UK.Brompton bicycles many parts are custom made which whitethorn bring delays and extra apostrophizes for repairs from other than authorized dealers. The bike may be less suited to long rides as most models have restricted gears. Brompton manufacture the basic frame in one size only. Riders requiring a bottom bracket to saddle top height of more than 715mm/28 can select an extended seat post to revert a maximum saddle height of 775mm/30.5 . There is also a telescopic seat post option which gives capitaler height unperturbed and does not compromise the size of the folded package, although it adds substantial weight.-http//www.bikesandtrailers.com/folding-bikes/brompton.htmlBefore doing any business first we have to do pest analysis in that soil which is followingPEST ANALYSIS OF BANGLADESHPolitical environmentBangladesh is a thickly populated and poor nation in South Asia. Bangladesh gained its independence in 1971, following Indias intervention in a rebellion against West Pakistan .In the years since independence, Bangladesh has establishe d a reputation as a largely moderate and democraticmajority Moslem country. The Bangladesh National Party and the Awami League traditionally have dominated Bangladeshi politics, with the AL in organisation since January 2009. Bangladesh was command by a military-backed caretaker g everyplacenment led by Fakhruddin Ahmed forapproximately two years prior to the return to democracy that was ushered in by the declination2008 election. The current Hasina government came to power in free and fair elections with an overcome majority in parliament.Economic environmentThe economy ofBangladeshis constituted by that of a unfolding country.Itsper capita incomein 2008 was est. US$1,500. According to theInternational pecuniary Fund, Bangladesh ranked as the48th largest economyin the world in 2009, with a gross domestic harvesting of US$256 billion. The economy has liberal at the rate of 6-7% p.a. over the past few years. Most Bangladeshis take a shit their living from agriculture.Although rice and jute are the primary crops, maize and vegetables are expect greater importanceSocial environmentRoughly 80% of its macrocosm lives on less than $2 a day. Its population is largely Muslim and its geography is dominated by its low-lying riparian aspect. There are many dialects of Bengali spoken throughout the region. The dialect spoken by those inChittagongandSylhetare particularly distinctive. In 2009 the population was estimated at 156 million. Religiously, about 90% of Bangladeshis areMuslimsand the remainder are mostlyHindus.technical environmentTheBangladeshSpace Research and Remote Sensing Organisation ope range remote spotting facilities using both French and American satellites and applying meteorological and geographic selective in stochastic variableation to such basic problems as water management, soil fertility, forecasting, and agricultural number work. In 1986 it became the first non-American organization ever to receive an award for excellency from theUnit ed StatesNational Aeronautics and Space Administration, which provided training for Bangladeshi scientists and grants of equipment and technical assistance. TheBangladeshAtomic Energy Commission operates an experimental nuclear reactor and also conducts important agricultural research on seeds, parasites, storage of harvested crops, and irradiation. http//www.traderscity.com/board/countrytargetedleads/Bangladesh.htmlPEST ANALYSIS OF INDIAPolitical environmentAfter Indias independence on shocking 15, 1947, India received most of the subcontinents 562 widely scattered polities, or princely states, as well as the majority of the British provinces, and parts of three of the be provinces. Muslim Pakistan received the remainder. Pakistan consisted of a western wing, with the approximate boundaries of advanced(a) Pakistan, and an eastern wing, with the boundaries of present-day Bangladesh. India is a Sovereign, Secular, Democratic Republic with a Parliamentary form of Government. The C onstitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on twenty-sixth November 1949 and came into force on 26th November 1950. India exported US$21.8 billion worth of trade in to the United States in 2006, up 16.1% from 2005 and up 84.7% in just 4 years.Indian imports from the U.S. rose 26.3% to $10.1 billion in 2006, up 146% since 2002.Economic environmentTheeconomy of Indiais theeleventh largesteconomy in the world bynominal gross domestic productand thefourth largestbypurchasing power parity. Following strong stinting reforms from the socialist inspiredeconomyof a post-independence Indian nation, the country began to develop a fast-paced economic growth, asfree marketprinciples were initiated in 1990 for international competition and foreign investmenIndiasper capita incomeis $1,030, ranked139thin the world,while its per capita (PPP) of US$2,940 is ranked128th. Indias large service industry accounts for 55% of the countrys Gross domestic attend Product (GDP) while the industrial and agricultural sector contribute 28% and 17% respectively.Social environmentCurrent Population of India in 2010 is around 1,cl,000,000 (1.15 billion) people. Hinduismaccounted for 80.5% of thepopulation of India.Islam(13.5%),Christianity(3.0%) andSikhism(2.3%) are the other major religions followed by the people of India. There are 29 language in india.Technological environmentThe Indiansoftware industry has grown from a mere US $ 150 million in 1991-92 to a staggering US $ 5.7 billion in 1999-2000.No other Indian industry has performed so well against the spherical competition .The annual growth rate of Indias software exports has been consistently over 50 percent since 1991. Indias software exports would be around $ 6.3 billion, in auxiliary to $ 2.5 billion in domestic sale.-http//www.stylusinc.com/business/india/business_india.htmPEST ANALYSIS OF NEPALWith thousands of readers from over fifty countries visiting the Nepal Home Page every week, it is an excellent syllabus to promote your Nepal related businesses.political environmentAn isolated, agrarian society until the mid-20th century,Nepalentered the modern era in 1951 without schools, hospitals, roads, telecommunications, electric power, industry, or civil service. Import and exportis encouraged by the government in order to promote equitable business and encourage growth which lead hopefully result in a higher workplace rate, higher salaries and a better standard of living for all in time The export-oriented carpet and garment industries have grown rapidly in recent years and together now account for approximately 70% of merchandise exports. Nepals merchandise trade balance has improved somewhat since 2000 with the growth of the carpet and garment industries.Economic environmentAgricultureremains Nepals principal economic activity, employing 80% of the population and providing 37% ofGDP. Only about 20% of the total welkin is cultivable some other 33% is forested most of the rest is mounta inous. Rice and wheat are the main solid food crops. The lowland Terai region produces an agricultural surplus, part of which supplies the food-deficient mound areas.Social environmentNepals current population is 28,563,377. According to the 2001 census, 80.6 percent of Nepalese are Hindu, 10.7 percent areBuddhist, 4.4% areMuslim1, 3.6 percent areKirat(an native religion with Hindu influence), 0.5 percent areChristian, and 0.4 percent are classified publicizing as other groups such asBnreligion.Technological environmentNepal has been a late starter in modem science and technology. In pursuance of self- reliance, it developed technological capabilities in some specific areas such as agriculture, civil engineering, architecture, metallurgy, water management, medicine, textile and paper manufacture, dyeing and food technology.by (http//www.visitnepal.com/business)PESTEL ANALYSIS IN SRI LANKAPOLITICAL ENVIRONMENTSocialistic fancy in Sri Lanka was unswerving, but as time passed by it gave room for coronation overseas in 1978. Board of Investment operates as a milkweed butterfly legal bureau with investment in foreign countries as a focus. BOI is authorized to yield grants to organizations that meet the basic eligibility standards on minimal investment, employment and exports. When the organization fails to meet the standards then its projects have to be sanctioned by the respective departments of the government. BOI also deals with the 10 zones of free trade, which is known as the export-processing zones. BOI induce the authorization to relieve any confinements on the FDI Eleven huge privatizations were accounted for 34% of the FDI. Nevertheless due to the instable political conditions and conflicting ethnicity the advancement on this issue is been decelerate for years. The president sketched out regarding anti-privatization frugal scheme in his electoral pronunciamento known as Mahinda Chintana. Various enterprises of the state which designing itself to be privatized were not approved, this includes the airports and banks. Privatize. Organization was planned to be regulated by the government which will turn the loss into a profit-making organization.ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT up serious rates of growth has been steady in Sri Lanka despite if its intense rage on ethnicity. Rich private demand of requirements, core industrialization, primarily the intensive labour textile industry and the advancement of domestic tea manufacturing hiked the growth rate of the economy. The well-disposed FDI policy of the government ensued the zooming inflows of capital. The deceleration in the orbicular issues activated an acute condensation in the activities of the economy in the year 2001. Subsequently in that respect was a recuperation in the sectors of the industries that is impelled by a firm external demand and an increased growth rates in the sectors relating to service resulted in a sizeable enlargement of economical activities though the tsunami that hit the sectors of agriculture was critically damaged. Deficits in the monetary aspects are an important issue to the government, which has been diminishing in the years past. The current fiscal obligates to cut back deficits. There are many industries that imparts in great value to the GDP that engages greater population of the manpower, this exemplifys of the industry in tourism, and the service industries. When taking industries into consideration, it is the textile industry that yields greater sum of revenues in export. cordial ENVIRONMENTSri Lanka holds a populace of 20,238,000, of which Sinhalese constitutes about 74%, Sri Lankan Moors constitutes about 7.2%, Sri Lankan Tamils constitutes about 3.9% and the Indian Tamils constitutes about 4.6%. When religions are taken into consideration the Buddhists comprise a major share of 69.1%. Sri Lanka is prominently a rustic area that holds 79% of the population. The populace medial age is 30 and 7.8% constitute for an age grou p of 65 and over. The health index of Sri Lanka is fairly good when compared to other countries in Asia. The government has an expenditure of 46.3% from the 4% of the aggregate GDP for medical exam expenses of the country. The expected life span is 73.4yrs of the aggregate populace.TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTThe telecom sphere was improved to an incredible extent in terms of liberalizing right in the90s. Act of Sri Lankan Telecommunication of 1991 founded the Sri Lanka telecom also known as the SLT, it awarded the permit to function in the global system.-http//www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/srilanka.htmlAfter analyzing the market we have found out that there is huge market chance in Sri Lanka to sell folding bikes. Due to low price there are more chances that Brompton folding bikes can become the market attraction successfully after some time because of many reasons such as low cost, already operation exist in Sri Lanka and due to climate condition. If we talk about local competition, it is very less. The local players get the help by the government also where the government has distributed a project to provide good cycle facility supply to those households.Im a manager of this product and i want to make profit thats why Im going to set up this product in randomness asia. I will launch this product in sri lanka and will export in 3 other countries, they are Bangladesh, india and Nepal. It will be better to launch this product in mho asia because there labour cost will be low and we can sell this cycles in low cost. Brompton bicycles cost in uk is 600 and over. Here, labour cost is expensive than south asia so we flip export from here. In south asia there is a scope for this product. There is a great number of people who are using bicycle but they arent like Brompton they cant fold, they are difficult for their journey. so it will be a new kind of cycle in south asia. I can make a profit. It will be cheaper so most of the people will buy it. I can make a market over there.Here are different types to entering new market they areExportJoint ventureFDIStrategic alliancesAmong these methods im going to use word venture method because it will be better for my profit if i will export from here it will cost expensive. First i will go sri lanka and will talk in srilankan embassy, i will choose one cycle company as my partner over there and i will do good business over there and will make profit.4PS ABOUT THE PRODUCTProduct my product is folding bicycle.Price labour cost will be low so per cycle it will cost 90.Place i will open my company in Colombo kingdom of sri lanka because there i can gget more facility than other place.Promotion The literacy rate is 92% in Sri Lanka which is considered as a good rate. To sell the Brompton folding bikes every company more emphasizes on direct marketing such as event or trade show and personal selling. We will give this news first all over in sri lanka ulterior 3 other countries b y tv news and international news paper. selling PLANOur product have made plan for Brompton folding bicycle for next five yrs. To increase our sale and profit we will slip by half of our advertisement budget on personal selling because by this only we can aware consumers about our products and persuade consumers to buy the products. merchandise CAPACITYDuring the first year, product will be imported to Sri Lanka And later the demand of the product goes 3 other countries to have a manufacturing Unit can also be considered. This will result in better pricing of the product will result in more sales and Profits.BUDGETSelling expensesStaff salaries, Sales support and distribution staff expenses are included. The total expenditure is 1210000.00Sales and advertisementFor radio advertisement =5000Newspaper/magazine =6000Tv ad =25000Sales promotion =250000 including customer awareness programCustomer oriented =200000Trade oriented =750000 lose line =600000

Euro Disney Case Study

Euro Disney Case speculateDisney party is one of most successful operator of theme position in the world, and their theme park in America and Japan achieved bulky success but the situation in Europe is non so good. The article utilizes some aspects of the Hofstedes ethnic dimensions and Trompenaars research on organisational culture to squeeze kayoedvass the cultural difference amongst America and France, because find taboo triad mistakes that the participation made in managing its Euro Disney operation through the conclusion study. In the following sectors, the lead lessons the company should have learned nigh how to deal with diversity based on its experience will be described. More rapid development in the trend of transnational companies, the cross-cultural heed has become a major part of line of products. The purpose of this piece of music is to obtain some favorable factors to the future development of Euro Disney by the higher up analysis.Trompenaars clas sify the somatic culture into four kinds the family, the Eiffel Tower, the guided missile and the incubator. The dimensions he used to distinguish several(predicate) corporate cultures are equality-hierarchy and orientation to the person-orientation to the trade union movement (Sanchez, Paul. 2004) . The America corporate culture is belong to the third one, this kind of corporate culture has task-oriented characteristics, the employees should comply with some fixed rules and have high efficiency. The employer of all time pay more worry to your range results rather than the process, they request the employees should be loyal to the professions and projects greater than be loyal to the company, so the atmosphere in the company is some serious. Compared to the America corporate culture, the French corporate mostly do non have terms of the corporate culture. The French company will never give you a sick book which specialize you what you should do and which kind of language you s hould speak, but these things are very subtle to every branch. Only in this way the culture can fork up flexible and efficient. Many people will find it very separate how could be so efficiency under the circumstance that having not a detail sayment and rules. This is a wonderful phenomenon in The French corporate. In a word, the French company pay more attention to human being and the corporate culture which retrieve highly of the deep-rooted relations surrounded by people and there is a relaxed and harmonious atmosphere in the company.The three mistakesIn determining the pose mart did not take into floor cultural differences Euro Disneys choice of location focus on the aspects of financial and population, then Euro Disney theme park located in the populous central Europe. Disney executives did not see that Mickey Mouse and intellectuals in the region of the left intrust of the Seine in Paris can not live in harmony and France is serious about their intellectual. In retr ospect, Paris is not the trounce place to establish such a theme park, so the face of the Disney parks is a declaration of war to intellectuals of French. Disneys manager stated publicly some of the criticism is the nonsense of a small number of business would not help them a favor. This may can be sound operated according to American culture, while the French pay more attention to their own cultural elite and regard this refute as ack-ack of national quality.Having not adequately take into account the habits of the French when arrange the service kinds Disney do not provide breakfast because they think that the Europeans do not eat breakfast. In addition, the Disney company does not provide alky beverages within the park, but the French habits are different, they are used to drinkable a cup while taking lunch, which aroused the anger of the French. Disney executives did not estimate that the European are not interested in spend in theme park so much, in the military position of Disney Company the European will be happy about spending a few days in a theme park kindred the American and Japanese, but middle-class in Europe just desire to get away from everything around and go to the coast or the mountains, and Euro Disney is the wishing of such appeal.No combination of French culture to the local mental faculty management Disney has taken global standard influence as alike(p) as the Japanese business, they transplanted the American culture to France directly then doing this result with a serious clash of cultures. The Disney Company use many measures that bygone with the local culture, for example, in the Euro Disney, the France worker are requested to comply with the exigent appearance code as the other theme parks in United States and Japan do, the workers are asked to break their ancient cultural aversions to blithesome and being consistently polite to the park guest even mustiness mirror the multi- commonwealth makeup of its guest. In addit ion, the Disney Company brought their U.S. Pop culture to France and fought unverbalized for a greater local cultural context. The French people think that this is an attack on their native culture, so they adopted an unfriendly attitude toward to the arrival of the Disney, including the protest come from the intellectual and the local residence and farmers.The three lessonsMultinational companies should target market accurately Even in the same country or regional market, the traditional culture makes different mince power to different people. Multinational companies should be salutaryy based on detailed market research to find the weak links in the market and make a breakthrough, use the pull down to an area model to expand. For example, McDonalds opened in the Chinese market, its target is no longer work for the busy working-class, but the children. The golden arches mark, the joy atmosphere of the shop, the furnished toys, full of convergeful ads, as well as various promot ional activities specifically carry out for children, these have a tremendous appeal to the target customers . McDonald think that adult eating habits difficult to change, only those children whose taste not yet formed are the potential customers of Western fast nutrient culture, the McDonald received Broad market recognition and have huge market potential.Multinational endeavors should pay full attention to the importance of the influence of cultural differences on marketing Face to the new multiple culture environment, the multinational enterprise should take an objective acknowledge about the cultural differences of the consumer withdraw and behavior and respect it, abandoning the prejudice and discrimination of culture completely(Burnett, Sally-Ann, Huisman, Jeroen, 2010). Moreover, multinational enterprises should be good at finding out and using the base point of confabulation and collaboration of different cultures and regard this base point as the important consideration factor when plan to enter the target country market. After all, the fundamental criterion for a successful business enterprise is whether it can integrate into the local social and cultural environment. The multinational enterprises should improve the sensitivity and adaptability to the different culture environment.Multinational enterprises should make full use of the competitive advantages of cultural differences and promote planetary marketing The objective of international cultural differences can also be the basic demand points of different competitive strategy. In the international market, launching culture marketing activities and highlighting the exotic culture and cultural differences in the target market can open the market quickly. Companies should strive to build cross-cultural two-way communication channels, it is necessary to adapt to the hosts cultural environment and values and carry out the business strategy of localization to make it can be widely accepted by the host country local government, local partners, consumers and other relevant stakeholders . Effective cross-cultural communication on the one pop off contribute to cultural integration, but also can create a harmonious internal and external human environment for corporate management. findingFrom the Euro Disneys failure in the initial stage, we should realize deeply that cultural factors play enormous role in the process of expanding overseas of the enterprises and lack of cross-cultural awareness will bring out failure of the business. With the increase and compound of the economical contact, transnational marketing received more and more attention. If the multinational companies can not handle properly the culture difference between foreign markets and home market in the whole marketing management process, the result will be that low profit with higher constitute even lead to bankruptcy.

Causes and Spread of infection

Causes and Spread of contagious diseaseconsequence 1 Understand the authors of infection11Identify the differences in the midst of bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasitesThe differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites beFungi arouse prison cell walls made up of chitin (found in outer skeleton of insects, shrimps and lobsters to a fault use in healing agents). Fungi and parasites are multi cellular (Ref www.euchis.org)Viruses are non living, they are only made of complex proteins and nuclear acidsBacteria are unicellular micro-organismsParasites and bacteria are animals(Bacteria, fungi and parasites are living organisms) (Dundas Welsby 2002, pp99-106)12Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites prevalent illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites areVirusesChicken poxShinglesLaryngitisPneumoniaMumpsCommon coldAidsWhooping coughMeaslesParasitesMalariaIntestinalScabies roundwormTapewo rmCrab louseFungiConjunctivitisAthletes footringwormThrushFungal nailIntertrigo (yeast)BacteriaColdsFluFeversMeningitisPneumoniaGastroenteritisImpetigoMRSASevere GI (caused by E-coli)Acne(Brooker Nicol 2003, pp254-255)13Describe what is meant by infection and closureThe meaning of colonisation occurs when micro-organisms inhabit on a part of the ashes for example, skin but dont cause signs and symptoms of infection colonize pathogens have the potential to cause infection if spread to a opposite parts of the em personify depending on the micro-organism colonised pathogens which heap be passed on from soulfulness to person from jibeing objects or not washing touchs. This is a major route of colonisation within the health care facilities. colonization of micro-organisms brook inhabit the server by being in or being on, they dont cause damage or absorb the tissue, yet if they do invade tissue this tail assembly make the person sick, which in turn will turn into an infecti on.Even though the host may not show signs of illness, they can still pass it on to others. (Lister Dougherty 2008, pp1112-1113)14Describe what is meant by systemic infection and localize infectionThe skins function is to protect the body from infectious organisms, but when there has been a break in the skin infections can pose a thr release. The meaning of localised infection is an infection that is limited to a specialized body region. The meaning of systemic infection is when the pathogen is distributed by means ofout the whole body by the bloodstream.Systemic infectionConjunctiva infection can cause ache-lived damage if not treated in measureLow resistive systems overdue to diabetes, kidney failure etc.The elderly or children may cause complications with infection due to their ageLocalised infection Swelling lossTemperature changes in infected area15Identify low-down practices that may lead to the spread of infectionCovered on ECA consort Training centreOut watch 2 Understand the transmission of infection21Explain the conditions needed for the yield of micro-organismsThe conditions needed for the growth of micro-organisms are nutrients for them to reproduce. It also requires warmth and moisture. They are not visible with the naked as a jaybird eye. The factor that encourages the growth of micro-organisms is nutrition, oxygen, temperature, PH and moisture. The PH and temperature determines the rate of growth. The moisture piles foods into the cell, and carrys the waste away from the cell to observe the content of cytoplasm (ground substance in where different components are found). altogether micro-organisms have a PH at which they can grow. (Brooker Nicol 2003, pp.254-255)22Explain the ways an infective agent might enter the bodyAn infective agent might enter the body through the mouth, stomach, intestines. The digestive tract. It can also be through broken skin.Areas of infectionThe respiratory system nose, lungs, windpipe.The digesti ve system spoiled food, unclean hold or objects.The urinary tract urethra, bladder, kidneys.Wounds on the skin cuts, grazes, trauma to the skin.There is also secondary infective agentGenital sexually transmitted, non-sexual PH instability (soaps, sprays, creams).Conjunctival to the eye ( frame, viruses, bacteria, advert lenses)The ways that gains entry to the person is by infecting the cellsTrauma bite infected animal, human, insectCongenital unborn luxuriate (developed through pregnancy. Rubella, pouletpox, herpes, syphilis)23Identify common sources of infectionThe topper source for infection is poorly chilled, heated or pollute food. grime laundry on a low heat setting, clinical waste, and contaminate equipment, others that may be infected. Unclean work sur strikingnesss in kitchens. We all come into march with hands, some just dont take hand hygiene seriously and will spread the infection further afield.24Explain how infective agents can be transmitted to a person Airborne inhalation of pathogens (microorganism disease producing agent such as bacteria, virus). The common cold and flu spread the infection to another person, any sneezing into the air, nasal droplets this may be from a nebuliser. Infected dust particles containing skin scales may cause a respiratory virus.Direct contact this would be person to person contact, such as dirty hands upon a patient or other way around. Sexual intercourse, chicken pox/shingles (herpes zoster) with the rash and until the last blister has dried up. Impetigo (staphylococcus aureus) which primarily affects children and resistant suppressed people.Hands are the main part of drag-infection. This can be transferred by microbes to other body areas, for example hand to face to phone (communal), to shared computers, to person with a handshake. They in turn have now picked up everything you have touched. If they dont wash their hands, the rhythm of cross infection will multiply too many others. With the am bulance cross contamination can be spread from person to equipment including steering wheels, radios, entrance handles. Your bodys blueprint may have a sober resistance to bacteria in your genes, but others you treat or touch may not and could potentially make them very ill.Indirect contact can be spread by fomites an inanimate object that becomes contaminated with infectious organisms and then transports those organisms to another person. This can accept childrens toys, chopping boards, plunders nappies, oxygen masks, Entonox breathing adaptors. They can live for a few minutes or a few hours. Indirect contact can also be spread by crawling or fast insects these are examples of vectors these are organisms that transmits pathogens and parasites (person, insect, animal). Insect bites may cause a compartmentalization of infections, one being malaria.Ingestion the organisms that infect the gastro-intestinal tract are ingested through the mouth by objects such as the hands, in drink, uncooked food, faecal/oral spread, eating food with unclean hands. Cross infecting would be to eat food while sharing communual keyboards/laptops who would in turn pass on to others by contracting sickness and diarrhoea and by not followers hand washing techniques, this will continue until the cycle is broken.Inoculations there may be a chance of a needle stick hurt caused by infected needles that may contain Hepatitis B virus, and as the inoculation has been put directly into the blood stream of the patient, an infection is high.25Identify the key factors that will make it more seeming that infection will occurThe key factors that will make it more likely that infection will occur are individuals susceptible to infection these would include older people with lowered immunity due to other illnesses or conditions, children or babies. Compromised circulation secondly to peripheral vascular disease. People with diabetes have a risk of developing infections if their blood sug ar is lower than normal. Urinary catheters or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tubes (PEGS). IV lines if kept in too long (when a paramedic inserts a needle to administer drugs, you should note the time and date it was inserted and place on the surrounding site of the needle, this keeps hospital module aware the length of time it has been in). Poor personal hygiene can be a factor and open to infections. Areas around skin folds due to obesity, as infections build up in moist areas such as the groin, stomach and under the breasts, infections can multiply rapidly in these areas. unripened and premature babies with under developed lungs and heart, this is due to the lungs not being richly developed affecting the oxygen levels in the cells. Infection may be more if the patient or person is contact with contagious agents.Referencing using Harvard/RefMEBrooker, C. Nicol, M., 2003. Nursing Adults The Practice of Caring, United state Mosby Elsevier health Science.Dundas, S. Welsb y, P., 2002. Common infirmary Infections Unknown. E. Sheppard, ed., London Science Press.European Chitin Society, 1996. What is chitin? https//www.google.co.uk/webhp?gws_rd=sslq=chitin. Available at http//euchis.org/ Accessed October 26, 2014.Hateley, P., 2003. Infection Control. In C. Brooker M. Nicol, eds. Nursing Adults The Practice of Caring. United Kingdom Mosby Elsevier Health Science.Hendry, C., 2011. Function of the immune system. Nursing Standard, 27.Lister, S. Dougherty, L., 2008. The royal Marsden Hospital Manual of Clinical Nursing Procedures, school-age child Edition 7th ed., United Kingdom Wiley-Blackwell (an imprint of John Wiley Sons Ltd).prof Carlos Andrs Peniche Covas, 2007. Natural polymer Chitin shows great healing properties. https//www.google.co.uk/webhp?gws_rd=sslq=chitin+medical+uses. Available at http//www.news-medical.net/news/2007/07/16/27582.aspx Accessed October 26, 2014.Robinson, J., 2012. Fungal skin infections in children. Nursing Standard, 27.Un kown, 2008a. hindrance Nursing nursing the infectious or immunosuppressed patient. In L. Dougherty S. ListerUnknown, eds. The Royal Marsden Hospital Manual of Clinical Nursing Procedures, Student Edition. United Kingdom Wiley-Blackwell (an imprint of John Wiley Sons Ltd).Unkown, 2008b. Infection Control. In S. Christopher, ed. NVQ/SVQ Level 3 Health Award for healthcare assistants. United Kingdom Heinemann.Weller, B., 2009. Baillires nurses mental lexicon for nurses and health care workers 25th ed. B. Weller, ed., United Kingdom Elsevier/Baillire Tindall.Wright, D., 2000. humane Physiology and Health for GCSE Student Book unknown. A. Clayton, ed., United Kingdom Heinemann Educational Publishers.Sharon H Ferguson-Guy

King Lear :: Literary Analysis, Shakespeare

...the error of age is to believe that experience is a substitute for intelligence. (Lyman Bryson) In the play power Lear by William Shakespeare, such an idea is explored. Lear is a pouf who is physically aged but as the play progresses, it give ways clear that he lacks the intelligence which usually accompanies it. The play is set in a judgment of conviction where the King was equal to God himself, he was set apart from the jet man as somewhat of a transcended being. Shakespeare breaks this unspoken relationship finished the events of his play. Lears rash decision to banish his loving daughter Cordelia and debate total power of his kingdom over to devil his uncaring daughters, Goneril and Regan sets of a chain of events which send him on a downward spiral to become the basest of human beings. Shakespeare uses the characters of the ingest, Cordelia, Kent and Goneril as well as satire, foreshadowing, and diction to portray Lear as nothing more than an unseeing old human bein g.The Fool is a character in the play who is the embodiment of Lears conscience and by means of him, the audience is able to witness the folly of the King. His name bears quite a significant irony as through with(predicate)out the play it is made plain that it is the Fool who is the wiser. He states that, this fellow banished two ons daughters, and did the tierce a blessing against his will (1,4,101-103) The Fool lays bare the folly Lear in not recognising the worth of a true daughter yet through his foolish act, he has done Cordelia good. In a way this irony of the Fool foreshows the future judgement of this judgemental monarch. In the play it is Cordelia who is banished and the other two who have blessings poured on them, but the Fool provides the audience with a diametric perspective on this matter one, which is increasingly unapparent to the ailing King who is quick to continue his living in denial, stating that, All This is nothing, Fool (1,4 127) Shakespeares office of t he Fools as Lears conscience allows the audience to feel the emotions which the king should be experiencing. In the event of Cordelias banishing the Fool hath much pinned away (1,4,71-72) Shakespeare shows the Fools sadness to contrast with the apparent lack of some in the King. This also evokes audience empathy. Through the Fool Shakespeare is able to convey to the ref the apparent folly of a vain King and the enormity of his folly.

A Day at the Metropolitan Museum of Art Essay -- Papers

A Day at the metropolitan Museum of fine artI.Jan avant-garde van Eycks utmost Judgment Jan van Eyck was active since 1422 and died in 1441. He was the most celebrated painter of the fifteen-century in Europe. One of his famous exerts is The ratiocination Judgment. At graduation exercise sight this work immediately attracted my attention. The paintings stunning colourise and the fact that it reminded me of a previous similar work I make believe seen, triggered in my mind. The material that is used is oil on canvas, transferred from wood. The size of this work is 22 1/4 *7 2/3 in. (56.5 * 19.7cm). As I closely approached the painting I began to realize the differences between Jan van Eyck and Michelangelos Last Judgment. Contrary to Michelangelos Last Judgment, Jan van Eycks work has specifically severalise Good and Evil. It is separated into three tiers. In the upper caboodle of this work of art only heaven is represented. Jesus Christ is on the top, above all the people in heaven, having Maria next to him, on his right hand side and surrounded by angels. In the marrow part of Jan van Eycks Last Judgment limbo is represented. This is state midway between heaven and hell. Hell is represented at the bottom part of Jan van Eycks work. To clarify the insularism between limbo and hell, death is vividly drawn.However, in Michelangelos Last Judgment each figure preserves its own individuality and some(prenominal) the single figure and the groups need their own background. In the depths of the scene figures ar rising from their graves. Naked skeletons are covered with new flesh and perfectly men help each other to rise from the earth.II.El Grecos Christ Carrying the CrossEl Grecos real name is Domenikos Theotokopoulos and his Greek... ...hnestock Hubbard, in memory of her father. It belongs to the Bashfored Dead Memorial Collection. At the begging, the idea that I had to scrutinize a museum for my assignment did not make me feel happy and amused. It was the opposite. I was thinking that it would be rattling stupid and boring going there, spend my day looking at some expensive drawings. However, when I aphorism the museum as a building, it really impressed me. The structure and architecture was really beautiful. As I was looking for the pieces of works that I had find entropy about. I was attracted by other gorgeous paintings as well. I see paintings and sculptures from different cultures, which I never had heard before. My day at the Metropolitan Museum of Art was really a pleasure and fun. Apart from pleasure and fun, I got an idea of art which is very important to anyone of us.

Roe V. Wade Essay -- essays research papers

January 23, 2000 marked the twenty-seventh anniversary of the Roe v. wade suit of clothes. It either started out in a small town in Texas where a woman under the alias Jane Roe filed a case in district court for a womans adept to cull abortion. At this time law in Texas prohibited abortion. Eventually the case moved to Supreme Court. The attorneys for Roe argued that the law was unfair and unjust. They verbalise that the unborn fetus id not a real individual. They pointed out that a women should rent the right to control their own flavour and body. They said it was a right of privacy and if women fell that its the right choice to abort a baby they should be allowed to make it. They as well said that women should be subject to abort a baby if the birth of the baby would endanger the lifetime of the mother or the baby, they should have a right to abort it. They also argued that women have fundamental right to abortion. The case, which was filed in District Court, was filed against Dallas District attorney Wade. Wade strongly opposed abortion he believed abortion was murder. Wade made the point that Fetus is human being and has right to life under the law. He also argues that the fetus is life upon conception. He said that abortion hurts women not only physically but psychologically. Abortion discount result pain, discomfort, and unstable metal conditions. According to the fourteenth amendment a person has an undeniable right to immunity. They stated that the fetus has a right to freedom guaranteed by this amen...

Investigation into Chair Design Essay examples -- essays papers

Investigation into tone down DesignFor my Investigation into leave figure of speechs I choose to investigate how simple and basic the chairs have become. From Charles Rennie mack, who was historied for his mood and applied decoration to Philippe Stark who has interpreted simplistic to other level. I have investigated how the designers have used applied decoration to heighten the serve of their chair, to how in operation(p) the pieces are (or in some cases un- gambolctional ).HIGH plunk for conduce - CHARLES RENNIE MACKINTOSH - 1902Mackintosh produced designs on a whole browse of furnishings as well as his architectural designs. M all of these were purely functional notwithstanding he similarly produced many maneuveristic pieces throughout his life. Because of the thumping essence of applied decoration on Macintoshs pieces that it could be argued that all(prenominal) piece is a finely detailed excogitate of art itself. in all probability the most famous of such pie ces are his famous game O.K. chairs. The risque backed chair I have elect to nurture was made for the International Exhibition of modern Decorative art, held in Turin in Italy in 1902The chair appears to have a very low-down loafer, be only a quarter of the height of the actual chair, this in addition whitethorn perhaps be due(p) to the fact the seat is reasonably colossal at the front, largening out from a fairly sign up back. The back of the chair is as wide as the back of the seat scarcely tapers towards the top. This main support is framed with two tall cut down struts.The social structure of the low seat and tapering back makes the chair carry around abstract because of these bizarre proportions. In the photograph it looks as if the motion-picture show has been taken from a st part angle which has distorted the shape. There is microscopic in the way of applied decoration on the chair tho for the back, which on a portion is padded and covered in a fairylik e blue-grey colour. On this is a painted stylised rose supply design that fills the width of the padded portion. Beneath this is what appears to be wilting petals fall from the bush. At the top of the chair carved into a piece of timberland is an total miscellany of sorts with the typical Art Nouveau whiplash stretching the distance of it. Mackintosh was renowned for his stylised design - taking the natural form of something, for slip a flower, and altering it to fit his manner - this could possibly be a very developed stylised design Against the white wood work of this desi... ...d in adds plentiful character to the chair. The function of this chair is to be fun, to add character to someones dining inhabit and I think that this chair would look good in any fashion regardless of the decor.From this probe I was surprised by the range of diverse styles and forms that a chair could take. I enjoyed the form of the God Raysse, but my favorite(a) would have to be the Pepe Chair by far due to its big than life personality. From the classic, traditional designers like Macintosh who revolutionised and popularised the style of Art Nouveau and to this day still has an impact and influence on designers conception wide whether it be on furniture, windows or clothes, to modern designers who have also revolutionised the simplistic style making it take many forms from drips to giraffes. For instance the Pepe Chair took the high backed chair and gave it a modern day simplistic twist. Who knows where our rears shall mold in years to come? Shall we be sitting on more simplistic designs than the ones I have used as examples in this investigation or pieces complex beyond the imagination. Who knows? We shall just have to tarry and construe where our bums shall lead us Investigation into Chair Design probe examples -- essays papersInvestigation into Chair DesignFor my Investigation into chair designs I choose to investigate how simplistic and b asic the chairs have become. From Charles Rennie Mackintosh, who was renowned for his style and applied decoration to Philippe Stark who has taken simplistic to another level. I have investigated how the designers have used applied decoration to enhance the look of their chair, to how functional the pieces are (or in some cases un-functional ).HIGH BACKED CHAIR - CHARLES RENNIE MACKINTOSH - 1902Mackintosh produced designs on a whole range of furnishings as well as his architectural designs. Many of these were purely functional but he also produced many artistic pieces throughout his life. Because of the large amount of applied decoration on Macintoshs pieces that it could be argued that each piece is a finely detailed work of art itself.Probably the most famous of such pieces are his famous high backed chairs. The high backed chair I have chosen to study was made for the International Exhibition of modern Decorative Art, held in Turin in Italy in 1902The chair appears to have a very low seat, being only a quarter of the height of the actual chair, this also may perhaps be due to the fact the seat is fairly broad at the front, widening out from a fairly narrow back. The back of the chair is as wide as the back of the seat but tapers towards the top. This main support is framed with two tall slim struts.The construction of the low seat and tapering back makes the chair look almost abstract because of these bizarre proportions. In the photograph it looks as if the picture has been taken from a strange angle which has distorted the shape. There is little in the way of applied decoration on the chair except for the back, which on a portion is padded and covered in a light blue-grey colour. On this is a painted stylised rose bush design that fills the width of the padded portion. Beneath this is what appears to be wilting petals falling from the bush. At the top of the chair carved into a piece of wood is an organic form of sorts with the typical Art Nouveau whiplas h stretching the length of it. Mackintosh was renowned for his stylised design - taking the natural form of something, for example a flower, and altering it to fit his style - this could possibly be a very developed stylised design Against the white wood work of this desi... ...d in adds plentiful character to the chair. The function of this chair is to be fun, to add character to someones dining room and I think that this chair would look good in any room regardless of the decor.From this investigation I was surprised by the range of different styles and forms that a chair could take. I enjoyed the form of the God Raysse, but my favourite would have to be the Pepe Chair by far due to its larger than life personality. From the classic, traditional designers like Macintosh who revolutionised and popularised the style of Art Nouveau and to this day still has an impact and influence on designers world wide whether it be on furniture, windows or clothes, to modern designers who have al so revolutionised the simplistic style making it take many forms from drips to giraffes. For instance the Pepe Chair took the high backed chair and gave it a modern day simplistic twist. Who knows where our rears shall sit in years to come? Shall we be sitting on more simplistic designs than the ones I have used as examples in this investigation or pieces complex beyond the imagination. Who knows? We shall just have to wait and see where our bums shall lead us

The Role of Humor in Kurt Vonneguts Cats Cradle :: Cats Cradle Essays

The Role of conception in Kurt Vonneguts Cats birthplace Ive contract comedy down to two words clown andfarts. Because offset it makes you laugh, and accordingly it makesyou think. Dave Attells joke comes remarkably close todescribing exactly what it is that Kurt Vonnegut is able todo with his writing. First, he makes his readers laugh, and then(prenominal) he forces them to think. By employing such wrydevices as chaff and satire, Vonnegut is able to bring humorto a less-than-humorous subject. Cats Cradle is Vonneguts refreshed around the day theworld ended. Why, then, is it so full of jokes? By making itso, Vonnegut makes it easier for himself to have his pointacross. Rather than making the book a labor against comprehension or religion, he sort of creates a light-hearted lookat masses themselves. By seeing the characters in the bookand laughing at them, he is forcing us also to laugh atourselves. By openly criticizing virtuoso religion or another, Vonnegutfeared he would have alienated a authorization audience orcreated some discomfort. Rather than offend anyone, then- or perhaps rather to offend everyone equally - he insteadcreated Bokononism, victimization aspects of all religions, andexaggerating them to the point of absurdity. Though we maylaugh at the Bokononists, at the same time we realize thatthere are certain(prenominal) truths in the creed. In this manner,Vonnegut gets his audience to think about themselves and thefollies of their own religions. some other grand part of the book is the constanttirade against science. Jonahs writing makes it observablethat he finds all scientists to be cruel, cold, andunfeeling. At the same time, Vonnegut paints the scientistsin a humorous light by employing such techniques as Dr.Breeds scolding of knock off Faust, in which he proudlyproclaims how long its been since a fatal accident. The Role of Humor in Kurt Vonneguts Cats Cradle Cats Cradle EssaysThe Role of Humor in Kurt Vonneguts Cats Cradle Ive narrowed comedy down to two words clown andfarts. Because first it makes you laugh, and then it makesyou think. Dave Attells joke comes remarkably close todescribing exactly what it is that Kurt Vonnegut is able todo with his writing. First, he makes his readers laugh, andthen he forces them to think. By employing such humorousdevices as irony and satire, Vonnegut is able to bring humorto a less-than-humorous subject. Cats Cradle is Vonneguts novel about the day theworld ended. Why, then, is it so full of jokes? By making itso, Vonnegut makes it easier for himself to get his pointacross. Rather than making the book a crusade againstscience or religion, he instead creates a light-hearted lookat people themselves. By seeing the characters in the bookand laughing at them, he is forcing us also to laugh atourselves. B y openly criticizing one religion or another, Vonnegutfeared he would have alienated a potential audience orcreated some discomfort. Rather than offend anyone, then- or perhaps rather to offend everyone equally - he insteadcreated Bokononism, using aspects of all religions, andexaggerating them to the point of absurdity. Though we maylaugh at the Bokononists, at the same time we realize thatthere are certain truths in the creed. In this manner,Vonnegut gets his audience to think about themselves and thefollies of their own religions. Another important part of the book is the constanttirade against science. Jonahs writing makes it evidentthat he finds all scientists to be cruel, cold, andunfeeling. At the same time, Vonnegut paints the scientistsin a humorous light by employing such techniques as Dr.Breeds scolding of Miss Faust, in which he proudlyproclaims how long its been since a fatal accident.

Megans Law - Protection More Important than Privacy Essay -- Argument

Megans police force - shield More Important than PrivacyIn 1994, twice-convicted sex offender Jesse Timmendequas outrage and murdered Megan Kanka, a s nonetheless-year old girl who lived across the street. In reception to this emotionally-charged crime, Megans home state of New Jersey ratified a community of interests nonification bill - dubbed Megans Law - just three months later. This fall, a discipline version of the law went into effect, mandating that all fifty states notify citizens in typography of the presence of convicted sex offenders within their communities. Certainly, corporation has a righteousness to cheer children from sex offenders, and many come up that Megans Law is the best course of action. However, others feel that it is an unwarranted intrusion into the rights to privacy of someones who have already paid their debts to society. Megan Kanka should nonoperational be alive today, and, as a society, we have an undeniable responsibility to keep such tra gedies from taking place in the future. We must not merely respond when sex crimes occur nevertheless must, instead, take an diligent role in preventing them in the first place. Megans Law is an effective test by legislators to help us achieve this goal. Indeed, it helps to prevent these crimes by protect children, our most defenseless citizens, from those who are most likely to endanger them.Megans Law operates under(a) the logic that responsible parents, once notified that a designated high take chances sex offender lives nearby, will be able to prevent their children from fair the victims of another attack. One of its primary motivations is the high recidivism rate associated with crimes of sexual molestation. Without even considering the large number of sex offenses that go unreported each ye... ...nity. For this reason, under the Freedom of Information Act of 1974, criminal records are a subject field of public record. Megans Law can be thought of as a logical extension of this Act, channeling information to those who need it most. Criminal records have to be brought to light where the well-being of others is at stake. Privacy is a valuable privilege, but it is not a right which overrides the common effectual of our society.In the end, the tump over over Megans law reduces to one issue how can we best gibe the safety of our children and the security of our communities? Because of the extremely high recidivism rate associated with sex crimes, because society has a duty to protect those who can not protect themselves, and because concerns for the good of our society as a whole outweigh any individual right to privacy, it is imperative that Megans Law be maintained.

creative short stories Essay examples -- essays research papers

MacBeths switching from "Brave Macbeth to "This dead Butcher"William Shakespeares play "MacBeth" tells the story of Macbeth change from a bravegeneral, to a vicious murderer. At the start of the play Macbeth is realize by the queen regnant as a brave and honourable general, by and by he heard of Macbeths great victory in thebattlefield. He promotes Macbeth to Thane of Cawdor, which was subdued unknown by bothMacbeth and Banquo when they came across the three weird sisters.     " exclusively Hail Macbeth, hail to thee Thane of Cawdor" (IIII51)     "All Hail Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter" (IIII53)Macbeth was sceptical well-nigh these prophecies, however developed trustingness in them whenRoss, following the kings orders titles him Thane of Cawdor.Macbeth does not let on to anyone about his ever-increasing disposition to become king.     "If chance forget have me king, why chance will crown me." (IIII154)Macbeth tells his lady about the prophecies and she is instantly enthusiastic about theprospect of Macbeth becoming king.     "Great Glamis, Worthy Cawdor Greater than both by the all-hail      hereafterThy letters have transported me beyond this ignorant present      and I feel now thefuture is an instant." (IV58)Macbeths desire turns to an obsession and with...

Medieval Castles Essay -- essays research papers fc

knightly Castles and their InteriorAlthough it is thought that medieval times were barbaric they too enjoyed numerous comforts we lock in do today. T here(predicate) is much more to the palace then its size or the stone arches inside which are still used in many an(prenominal) homes today. Castles today are still flocked to by millions of race every year. Sometimes you even see copies of rooks right here in the U.S.A but they are not quite the same. Although they were origin all in ally reinforced to protect the King, Castles became more and more popular among other nobles as well. to each one family castle had their own special design and touch but close castles of medieval times had a lot of the same basic elements in their interior.Within the shell keep and behind the spectacular walls of these castles there was always one basic element the great hall. It was often on the show floor but sometimes it was raised to the second floor for particular(a) security. The great hall was a large one-room structure with a wonderful ceiling(Giess 58). This was where all the people of the castles slept (excluding the lord and the Lady). There was of course a great big curtain put up so the ladies would be separate from the men. It wasnt until the end of the century when separate rooms were invented. The great hall was usually located in the very center of the castle and walls built out of stone surrounded the whole room. The entrance was in a sidewall near the lower end of the hall. An international staircase would be built if the hall were on the second floor. The family would usually have its feasts in this room (Gies 60). For even more security they would have guards stand outside the great hall on all sides of the room so guests would timber safe when they were feasting (Nardo 57). Early halls were aisled like a church, with rows of wooden posts or stone pillars supporting the timber roof. Windows were equipped with wooden shutters secured by an compa ct bar but they were rarely glazed. It wasnt until the13th century a poove or a great baron might have tweed or greenish glass in the windows. Then later in the14th century that glazed windows were in every castle (Gies59). In the castle, the initial floor or ground floor (it was sometimes called) was the actual kingdom itself. ... ...d. All that remains now are ruins that dot the countryside every where end-to-end England.Even though the castle has disappeared it has not been completely forgotten. Today many decorators and homeowners borrow and try to recreate the barbaric look. A lot of people find in quite romantic. People are reminded of royalty and all the important people during this period like King Arthur and Robin Hood. In conclusion, the medieval Castles interior decoration began to have grandeur and much of its innovations are still used today. WORKS CITEDNardo, Don. The Medieval Castle. atomic number 20 Lucent Books, 1997.Singman, Jeffery L. Medieval Europe. Co nnecticut Greenwood Press, 1999.Gies, Frances, et. al. Life in a Medieval Castle. New York Thomas Crowell Company, 1974.Interior Design. World Book Encyclopedia. 1995. ed.Medieval Castles. 12 Dec 2001. http//www.castles-of-britain.com